A b s t r a c tContext: Catechin hydrate (CH), is an important phyto compound, reported to have potential therapeutic activity for prevention and treatment of various central nervous system (CNS) disorders. However, its therapeutic action is limited by their low oral bio and intestinal absorption, therefore, development of a targeted nanoparticle based carrier system which can overcome its physicochemical limitations and can enhance its biological activity is required. The objective of the pres formulation by ionic gelation method for catechin hydrate. Result and conclusion: After optimising the formulation by statistical tool, further, characterization results showed zeta average particle size of zeta potential of (range of 61. 8 loade profile and cytotoxicity analysis done on NB41A3 cell lines results exhibited the cell viability of 89.5 ± 0.25% in catechin loaded nanoparticles (CH NP's) whereas, indicating negligible toxicity in nanoparticle based formulation. The stability testing was done for CH NP's antioxidant activities estimated throug oxide ( higher and prolonged antioxidant activity in comparison with CH.

Objective: Escitalopram (ETP), an SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor), and s-enantiomer of citalopram is exclusively used as an antidepressant. The drug shows extensive hepatic metabolism, reduced drug efficacy and potential side effects, which reduces its therapeutic index. The present study is focused on developing and characterizing chitosan based nanoparticles of Escitalopram oxalate (ETP). Materials and Methods: The nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation method using chitosan and tripolyphosphate (TPP). The formulated nanoparticles were optimized and further characterized by various techniques like particle size, zeta potential analysis, TEM, SEM, EDX, rheological parameters and FT-IR techniques. Also, in vitro drug diffusion was studied to evaluate its pattern of drug release. Result and Discussion: The optimized ETP loaded nanoparticles were made with chitosan: tripolyphosphate (1:1.5) ratio, showing particle size range of 60 -115nm, with polydispersity index of 0.117, which was further confirmed by TEM analysis whereas; zeta potential was estimated to be -1.89mV. The SEM EDX scans showed almost smooth morphology of the same. The FT -IR results confirmed that there is no interaction between the polymers and drug molecules. The in vitro drug release study using dialysis membrane showed sustained drug release pattern of ETP nanoparticles. Conclusion: ETP loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared successfully from ionic gelation method, suggesting a comparatively suitable option for treatment of disease with fewer side effects and increased affinity of drug.

Summary Essential hypertension remains a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) despite important advances in our understanding of its pathophysiology and the availability of effective treatment strategies. Available evidences and researches favour the utility of non selective beta‐adrenergic receptor blocking agents. Propranolol belongs to this class and is indicated for treatment of hypertension. Owing to its low bioavailability (26%) and extensive hepatic metabolism, reduction in absorption and elaborative side effects in patients, it is not assumed as an ideal drug candidate for oral drug delivery. Hence, it would be beneficial if it is given through an alternate route, bypassing gastro‐ intestinal degradation, for faster therapeutic effect, enhanced bioavailability and less dosage. To address these issues, transmucosal nasal drug delivery promises as an interesting alternative. The objective of this study was to develop propranolol nanoparticles for transmucosal nasal drug delivery through ionic gelation method. The Particle size analysis, zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies confirmed a nanometric size range of nanoparticles below 200 nm, with nearly spherical morphology. Moreover, rheological parameters indicated a good stability of the optimised nanoparticle formulation. In‐vitro drug release and cytotoxicity results showed sustained release of the drug till 24 hours along with less cytotoxicity.

In recent years, therapeutic effect of natural products and medicinal herbs has gained popularity. Most of these plant compounds have been widely studied for their effects on Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is characterized by a progressive impairment of memory and other cognitive skills further leading to dementia. The major pathology associated is