Objectives To evaluate the performance of two types of zirconia frameworks. Material and Methods From 2014 to 2016, in a prospective clinical trial, 150 patients were rehabilitated with 83 and 110 implant‐supported, screw‐retained, full‐arch ceramic‐veneered zirconia (PVZ) rehabilitations and monolithic zirconia with porcelain veneering limited to buccal (MZ) rehabilitations, respectively. Patients were consecutively enlisted according to pre‐defined inclusion criteria and evaluated on 4 months intervals. A Kaplan–Meier estimator was adopted, and the log‐rank test and Wilcoxon test used to test differences in survival and successful function in the two different groups. Results The average follow‐up time (±SD) and implant success rate was 608.80 ± 172.52 days with 99.53% implant success for the PVZ group and 552.63 ± 197.57 days with 99.83% success for the MZ group. According to the Kaplan–Meier estimator, the mean cumulative survival rate at the 2‐year follow‐up for framework fracture, major chipping, minor chipping, or any of the former combined to occur was 0.99, 0.95, 0.93 and 0.85 for the PVZ group (n = 18) and 0.99, 0.95, 0.95 and 0.89 for the MZ group (n = 15). No significant differences were found between the two groups. Conclusions Results suggest zirconia as a suitable material for frameworks in full‐arch implant‐supported rehabilitations. Both groups presented a low incidence of technical complications. When comparing the two different designs, the MZ group presented a lower technical complication rate, thus presenting itself as a viable alternative for full‐arch implant‐supported rehabilitations. Further clinical studies with longer follow‐ups (5 years) should be performed to evaluate the long‐term stability of such rehabilitations.

Abstract. Even though generics became quite popular in mainstream objectoriented (OO) languages, approaches for checking at runtime the conformance of such programs against formal specifications still lack appropriate support. In order to overcome this limitation within CONGU, a tool-based approach we have been developing to support runtime conformance checking of Java programs against algebraic specifications, we recently proposed a notion of refinement mapping that allows to define correspondences between parametric specifications and generic classes. Based on such mappings, we also put forward a notion of conformance between the two concepts. In this paper we present how the new notion of conformance is supported by version 2 of the CONGU tool.

A randomized clinical trial comparing the effects of a 4-and 8-week consecutive use of contingent electrical stimulation on self-reported pain, jaw muscle activity, and threshold intensity in teeth grinding during sleep, over 6 months.Methods: This randomized clinical trial studied 48 patients diagnosed with bruxism and masticatory myofascial pain according to established methods. Patients were randomly allocated to Group I -4-week contingent electrical stimulation (n=24), and Group II -8-week contingent electrical stimulation (n=24). The primary outcomes assessed were the number of electromyographic events per hour of sleep, numerical rating scale pain scores, and threshold intensity when grinding. Analysis of variance models was used to compare results at a 5% significance level.Results: There was a statistically significant (p<0.05) decrease in pain level (-71.7% and -71.2%, respectively) and grinding mean intensity (-37.4% and -44.9%, respectively) at the 6-month follow-up for Group I. Contingent electrical stimulation reduced pain and the threshold intensity of grinding at night in patients with masticatory myofascial pain with definitive sleep bruxism, with a positive correlation (p<0.05) between the two primary outcomes. Conclusions:The results of this study suggest that both the 4-and 8-week contingent electrical stimulation protocols are effective in reducing patient symptoms related to sleep bruxism.

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