RESUMO -Descrevemos dois casos clínicos de paraparesia espástica tropical/mielopatia associada ao HTLV-I, obedecendo os critérios da OMS-1989. Estes são os primeiros casos diagnosticados em Cuiabá. Em um dos casos houve resposta clínica ao uso de prednisona. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: paraparesia espástica tropical, HTLV-I, diagnóstico, prednisona. Tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-I associated myelopathy: report of two cases diagnosed in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso do Sul, BrazilABSTRACT -We describe two cases of tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-I associated myelopathy, according to the criteria of World Health Organization-1989. These are the first cases diagnosed in Cuiabá (Mato Grosso State, Brazil). One of them had a good response with the treatment with prednisone.