This work is part of one of the priorities of sustainable development that is the conservation of soil and the care of aquifers. Water is a vital liquid for human and all kind of living beings, the presence of pesticides in drinking water is a health problem that requires solution. In this paper, a review of the different methods used for the removal of pesticides in wastewater is made, such as biological remediation methods, using plants and microorganisms, remediation by physical methods by adsorption of contaminants with activated carbon, zeolites, polymers and clays and finally chemical remediation, through advanced oxidation with the production of hydroxyl radicals. A review of the most commonly used pesticides in the different agricultural areas is carried out, as well as their impact on the health of the inhabitants in these regions. Finally, a comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of these methods is made both for its effectiveness as well as for their cost.

This work is part of one of the priorities of sustainable development that is the conservation of soil and the care of aquifers. It is known that soil acts as a natural filter for contaminants in groundwater, so one of the most important objectives is to understand the interaction between soil and pesticides, especially pyrethroids, which are some of the most widely used today. as well as the process of retention and diffusion of these substances through the soil. A systematic study was carried out to determine the transfer, diffusion and retention of pyrethroid pesticides through agricultural soil samples. The kind of soils to be used in this study were identified, the quantity of functional groups was determined qualitatively using Infrared Spectroscopy by the Fourier Transform (FTIR) with Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR). Permethrin was taken as the pyrethroid model molecule, the qualitative concentration of permethrin absorbed in a soil bed was monitored using the absorbance of a suspension of permethrin in water. The pesticide retention capacity of two types of wet soil is shown and the mass flow through the soil bed was determined too. The magnitude of the mass flow was inversely related to the amount of functional groups in the soil.