Cervical dentine hypersensitivity is the most frequent complaint among reported odontalgias. Thus, this study evaluated the effectiveness of two types of lasers (660 nm wavelength red, and 830 nm wavelength infrared) as dentine desensitizers, as well as both the immediate and late therapeutic effects in individuals 25 to 45 years of age. A total of 40 teeth with cervical exposure were treated in 4 sessions. They were divided into 2 groups according to treatment. A 660 nm wavelength red diode laser and an 830 nm wavelength infrared diode laser were used. Dentine sensitivity to cold nociceptive stimulus was evaluated by means of a pain numeric scale from zero to 10 before each treatment session, at 15 and 30 min after irradiation, and in a follow-up period of 15, 30 and 60 days after the end of treatment. Significant levels of dentinal desensitization were only found in patients ranging in age from 25 to 35 years. The 660 nm red diode laser was more effective than the 830 nm infrared laser and a higher level of desensitization was observed at the 15 and 30 minute post-irradiation examinations. The immediate and late therapeutic effects of the 660 nm red diode laser were more evident in 25-35-year-old patients compared with those of the 830 nm infrared diode laser, in terms of the different age groups.
One hundred consecutive patients with a clinical suspicion of metabolic inner ear disorder were submitted to a 5-hour glucose tolerance test with simultaneous titration of insulin. It was found that 82% of the patients presented abnormal glucose and/or insulin values. The analysis of the results revealed hypo- or hyperglycemia were present in only 41% of the cases, and that all patients had normal fast values for glucose. Hyperinsulinemia was the most frequent abnormality and was found to constitute the determining factor of the inner ear disorders. 26 of the patients presented Meniere's disease. The pathophysiological model for insulin-induced Meniere's disease is discussed. Follow-up data indicate that these patients respond well to a diet with reduced intake of small molecule carbohydrates.
RESUMO -OBJETIVO. Analisar as característicasO som é um agente físico resultante da vibração de moléculas do ar e que se transmite como uma onda longitudinal. É, portanto, uma forma de energia mecânica (WHO, 1980) 1 . O receptor periférico sensível a esta forma de energia, captando-a e transformando-a em impulso elétrico nervoso é o orelha.O aparelho auditivo humano consegue detectar variações de pressão do ar numa faixa de 0,00002 a 200 Newton/m 2 no limiar de audibilidade de freqüências que é de 16 a 20.000 Hz. Portanto, nem toda onda sonora evoca a sensação auditiva.Ruído é uma palavra derivada do latim rugitu que significa estrondo. Acusticamente é constituído por várias ondas sonoras com relação de amplitude e fase distribuídas anarquicamente, provocando uma sensação desagradável, diferente da música.O ruído pode ser contínuo, ou seja, não há variação do nível de pressão sonora nem do espectro sonoro; de impacto ou impulsivo que são ruídos de alta energia audiométricos na segunda década de exposição apresentam variações que dependem da faixa etária analisada. As várias curvas audiométricas realizadas são paralelas entre si, mas não-horizontais, sendo que os piores limiares foram encontrados nas freqüências agudas de 3000Hz a 8000Hz, como conseqü-ência clínica e fisiopatológica do acometimento mais acentuado das áreas basais da cóclea. A discriminação vocal também mostrou-se pior de acordo com o aumento das faixa etária e do tempo de exposição.CONCLUSÃO. Indivíduos portadores de disacusia sensórioneural por ruído ocupacional apresentam alterações audiométricas, características que variam de acordo com a faixa etária e o tempo de exposição. Estas características definidas e resumidas nas curvas audiométricas obtidas podem constituir padrão de comparação, avaliação e controle de outras populações também expostas.UNITERMOS: Perda auditiva por ruído. Hipoacusia. Epidemiologia.e que duram menos de 1 segundo (ISO 1973a) 2 . A mensuração do ruído pode ser realizada através de dosímetros. Estes aparelhos estimam o nível equivalente de energia (Leq) que atinge o indivíduo durante o período de medição que poderá variar de minutos até a jornada de trabalho integral.Apesar das variações, através de estudos populacionais preliminares, sabe-se que o ruído industrial apresenta níveis médios de exposição de 90 dB Leq 8h com desvio de ± 5 dB (Hetu, Quoc, Duguay, 1990) 3 , constituindo este um parâmetro para realizar-se projeções.Embora a disacusia sensórioneural ocupacional por ruído seja uma doença de alta prevalência nos países industrializados, incluindo-se o Brasil, os estudos sobre a sua história natural são escassos, principalmente em nosso meio.Tanto nos Estados Unidos quanto na Europa, estes trabalhos receberam grande incentivo devido ao alto custo social e econômico que passaram a acarretar às indústrias na década de 40, devido aos constantes processos judiciais e indenizatórios.
Beni gn Positional Paroxysmal Vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most common vestibular diseases and the active head rotation test one of the most modern methods of vestibular function assessment. Aim: this study aims to verify if the active head rotation test may reveal signs of horizontal and/or vertical vestibulo-ocular reflex dysfunction in vertigo patients suspected for BPPV. Study design: retrospective series study. Materials and Method: Neurotological evaluation including computerized electronystagmography and active head rotation on the horizontal and vertical axes were conducted in 100 patients suspected for BPPV patients. Results: Isolated or associated abnormalities of the horizontal and/or vertical vestibulo-ocular reflex gain, phase and symmetry were indicative of vestibular involvement and found in 77.0% of the BPPV patients. Conclusion: the active head rotation test revealed horizontal and/or vertical vestibulo-ocular reflex dysfunctions in a relevant number of BPPV patients.
The early diagnosis of the Mondini dysplasia by means of electrocochleography and temporal bone polytomography, and the prevention of further hearing loss through the endolymphatic subarachnoid shunt operation, brought new data on the follow-up of patients with this malformation. They were found to present specific medical and educational problems. Children with concomitant serous otitis media were found to develop profound hearing loss following insertion of ventilation tubes due to fistula formation in the oval window. One cochlear implant, employing the technique developed by William House, was performed in a 22-year-old patient in whom the dysplasia had not been previously recognized. The importance of early diagnosis and treatment will be emphasized.
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