Achieving European climate neutrality by 2050 requires further efforts not only from the industry and society, but also from policymakers. The use of high-efficiency cogeneration facilities will help to reduce both primary energy consumption and CO2 emissions because of the increase in overall efficiency. Fuel cell-based cogeneration technologies are relevant solutions to these points for small- and microscale units. In this research, an innovative and new fuel cell-based cogeneration plant is studied, and its performance is compared with other cogeneration technologies to evaluate the potential reduction degree in energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Four energy consumption profile datasets have been generated from real consumption data of different dwellings located in the Mediterranean coast of Spain to perform numerical simulations in different energy scenarios according to the fuel used in the cogeneration. Results show that the fuel cell-based cogeneration systems reduce primary energy consumption and CO2 emissions in buildings, to a degree that depends on the heat-to-power ratio of the consumer. Primary energy consumption varies from 40% to 90% of the original primary energy consumption, when hydrogen is produced from natural gas reforming process, and from 5% to 40% of the original primary energy consumption if the cogeneration is fueled with hydrogen obtained from renewable energy sources. Similar reduction degrees are achieved in CO2 emissions.
Vocation is one of the determining factors taken into account by students when choosing their university studies. However, when the students start their studies, in their first year, they will find a series of basic subjects that barely motivate or stimulate them. In the specific case of mathematics, the problem is aggravated when many of the students already begin the first year showing rejection towards this subject. The lack of motivation for mathematics also affects the subject of physics because “the role of mathematics is to be the language of physics”. The EXPLORIA project proposed by the CEU Cardenal Herrera University is a potential solution to this problem. The objective of this project is the implementation of STEAM learning (Science Technology Engineering Art Mathematics) in the Degree in Fundamentals of Architecture at CEU Cardenal Herrera University through the EXPLORIA project. This article focuses on the activities carried out in the subject of physics in the Degree in Fundamentals of Architecture, corresponding to the part of mechanical engineering in order to show that through the realization of different challenges, we can develop creative products, new buildings with their logos and storytelling, as well as connect with the rest of subjects. For its development, students must use everyday objects within their reach, such as forks, spoons, knives, shoes, etc., to build an object or structure that must remain in a “creative balance” and this will serve as an inspiration for new buildings. These new creations are evaluated by an architecture team who fills in a rubric to evaluate the creativity and originality of the products. The number of students included in this project was 24 and the participants’ age ranged between 18 and 20 (similarly distributed). At the end of the work, an anonymous ad hoc questionnaire was carried out to show the students’ assessment of the new teaching methodology and the challenges developed in the subject of physics.
Resumen. De todo el sistema de huertas que conforman la Comunidad Valenciana: huertas de la Plana de Castelló, el Camp de Morvedre, la huerta de Xátiva, la Ribera del Xúquer, la Plana de Gandía… Vamos a centrarnos en la propia huerta de Valencia, aquélla que se reconoce como Huerta Histórica, puesto que además de despuntar como la más significativa de las huertas, debido a su antigüedad y su complejo sistema de riego 1 , es el enclave geográfico donde se asienta Campanar. Esta población, al igual que otros asentamientos de la huerta, se desarrollaba como arrabal a las afueras de la ciudad. El origen de estos nú-cleos islámicos es difícil de descifrar ya que son escasos los documentos que sobre éstos se conservan. En cambio, sí que existen escritos que documentan el paisaje de regadío que envolvía estos enclaves: estructura de riego, molinos, alquerías, huertos, casas rurales, etc.. Palabras clave:Huerta, patrimonio, recuperación.Abstract. The whole system of gardens that make Valencia: orchards of Castelló de la Plana, the Camp of Morvedre, Orchard Xativa, Ribera del Xuquer, Plana de Gandia ... Let's focus on the very garden of Valencia, it Huerta is recognized as Historic, since in addition to stand out as the most significant of the orchards, due to its age and its complex irrigation system, is the geographical location where it sits Campanar. This population, like other settlements in the garden, developed as suburbs on the outskirts of the city. The origin of these Islamic centers is hard to decipher and that few of these documents are preserved. However, yes that written documenting the landscape irrigation that enveloped these enclaves: structure irrigation, mills, farms, orchards, farmhouses, etc.Keywords: Huerta, heritage, recovery. IntroducciónA partir del siglo XX las ciudades desbordadas por el aumento de la natalidad y/o por el éxodo rural comenzarán a extenderse hacia su periferia con un crecimiento rápido y descontrolado, donde las alteraciones en el paisaje tradicional alcanzaran niveles de transformación impensables en otros tiempos, que han llevado a la destrucción de la identidad de estos hábitats rurales. Las fértiles huertas de regadío, como el caso de la Huerta Histórica de Valencia 1 , que por siglos se habían mantenido intactas comenzaron a peligrar, siendo un sujeto pasivo de este crecimiento incontrolado que arrasó las tierras de regadío más próxi-mas a las ciudades con sus históricos asentamientos agrícolas y pre-industriales.Si nos centramos en el caso particular de Valencia, nadie cuestiona la deuda histórica que la ciudad de Valencia tiene con su Huerta y sus poblados periféricos: pequeñas poblaciones que llegaron a tener autonomía propia y que han visto menguar su identidad al mismo ritmo que desaparecía su entorno rural, llegando literalmente a ser absorbidas por el fenó-meno de la gran urbe.
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