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In traditional cause-related marketing (CRM) campaigns, companies support a cause by donating a portion of the proceeds from product sales (i.e., monetary giving).Recently, some companies have used the funds to buy something or just donate their own products for the beneficiaries (i.e., nonmonetary giving). We compare these two giving styles along with two moderators: product-cause fit and product type. Three experiments with various sampling methods (mall intercept data and online pool) and donation information (percentage of sales price, the amount of the product price, or one-for-one campaign) are conducted to enhance the robustness of the results. Study 1 shows that when the product and the cause fit well together, the nonmonetary giving strategy evokes a more positive consumer attitude and a stronger purchase intention than does the monetary giving strategy. When the product-cause fit is low, the opposite holds true. Studies 2 and 3 consider product type and product-cause fit simultaneously. When the product-cause fit is high, nonmonetary giving is more effective than monetary giving, regardless of the product type. On the other hand, when the product-cause fit is low, nonmonetary giving is more effective in promoting utilitarian products, but monetary giving is more effective in promoting hedonic products. In Study 3, consumer attributions regarding the company's motives for making the donation (i.e., inferred motives) is used to explain the underlying mechanism.

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In this study, a package technology has been developed for miniaturized filed-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors. FETs were fabricated and diced as a 1 mm × 1 mm chip. The chip was then embedded in a plastic substrate and has a coplanar surface with that of the substrate. Photolithography followed by metal deposition and lift-off process was conducted to create metal lines, which connect the FET and extend to the edge of the plastic substrate. The FET-embedded plastic substrate was then engraved by laser to form a typical micro SD card and then passivated by photoresist, leaving the source-drain channel and the gate electrode open, followed by bonding a microfluidic channel made of PMMA. The packaged FET was tested in air and in buffer solution to confirm the well electrical isolation between metal interconnects and the solution, and the successful liquid flowing in the microfluidic channel. A FET sensor array was also made by embedding 8 FET chips into one plastic substrate with the same process. This package technology can largely reduce the cost of the sensor due to the very small size of the FET chip. The sensor chips can also be arbitrarily positioned into one plastic substrate to fit with multiple microfluidic channels, leading to great flexibility in the design of the sensor array. The result has shown a promising 2D system-in-package technology for sensor applications.

We propose a hierarchical classification system for blastocyst formation prediction, which provides information for embryo selection by using a time-lapse imaging system.