In general, the use of additives which raises the density of metal-ion in electroforming solution and the application of impulse current are the common methods to improve the mechanical characteristic of electroformed layer. However, our study exhibits that it is possible to obtain better results by tailoring the relative intensity of the electric and applied magnetic fields and the flow rate of the electrolyte. The MHD (Magnetohydrodynamic) Effect arising from the application of an external magnetic field can have remarkable influence on the crystal behavior, yielding more uniform electroformed layer and electric current distribution, while providing higher deposition rate and better mechanical properties of the Ni-Co electroformed layer.

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In this study, porous surface structure of Ti/TiO 2 is development for the tooth implant. This kind of structure is made by anode treatment processes with various conditions. The optimized porous surface structure of Ti/TiO 2 is treated in the electrolyte within SO 4 2-and PO 4 3-ions. The pH value of electrolyte is the parameter to modify the roughness of the surface. By the conditions of the experiment, the roughness keeps on submicro level. Moreover, the biological compatibility test, an important experiment of medical devices, is done to confirm the performance of the implant. The results showed that the treated surface feature is suitable for cells growth, and the cell proliferation performance is better than the raw material, machined Ti surface, about 10%.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro cytocompatibility of titanium oxide layers which were formed by electrochemical anode treatment on sand-blasted titanium plates. The in vitro biological response was characterized by cell morphology, adhesion, proliferation activity. We investigate those responses of MG-63 cells, one kind of human osteoblast-like cell lines, cultivated on these TiO 2 films of sandblasted titanium plates formed by different electrochemical anode treatment conditions. The results showed that surface roughness was affected by the sandblasting condition majorly. The higher voltages of anodic treatment were applied, the thicker titanium oxide layers were formed. These thicker titanium oxide layers also reduced the surface roughness slightly. The cell adhesion and proliferation performance of MG63 osteoblast-like cells revealed that the surface which was sandblasted by φ106-125 μm alumina was the better condition for osteoblast-like cell growth.

The goal of this research is to arrive with a new additive for Ni-Co-Mn ternary alloy electroforming. With control of the composition of Ni-Co-Mn, the electroformed Ni-Co-Mn alloy has better mechanical properties compared to electroformed Ni layer and Ni-Co alloy. This research also discusses the effect of Mn concentration on the resulting mechanical properties of electroformed Ni-Co-Mn alloys.The cathodic reduction of Ni-Co-Mn alloy was studied by using nickel plate as anode and aqueous sulfate solution containing Ni, Co, and Mn mixture. The influences of current density, the concentration of Mn 2+ in electrolyte, the component of additive, and the composite of metal ion (Ni 2+ , Co 2+ , Mn 2+ ) on the texture, Vickers hardness, depositing rate and current efficiency were studied.