BACKGROUND Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is an extracellular matrix-associated protein. Studies have revealed that SPARC is involved in the cell interaction and function including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. However, the role of SPARC in cancer is controversial, as it was reported as the promoter or suppressor in different cancers. Further, the role of SPARC in lymphoma is unclear. AIM To identify the expression and significance of SPARC in lymphoma, especially in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). METHODS The expression analysis of SPARC in different cancers was evaluated with Oncomine. The Brune, Eckerle, Piccaluga, Basso, Compagno, Alizadeh, and Rosenwald datasets were included to evaluate the mRNA expression of SPARC in lymphoma. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-DLBCL was used to analyze the diagnostic value of SPARC in DLBCL. The Compagno and Brune DLBCL datasets were used for validation. Then, the diagnostic value was evaluated with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The Kaplan-Meier plot was conducted with TCGA-DLBCL, and the ROC analysis was performed based on the survival time. Further, the overall survival analysis based on the level of SPARC expression was performed with the GSE4475 and E-TABM-346. The Gene Set Enrichment Analyses (GSEA) was performed to make the underlying mechanism-regulatory networks. RESULTS The pan-cancer analysis of SPARC showed that SPARC was highly expressed in the brain and central nervous system, breast, colon, esophagus, stomach, head and neck, pancreas, and sarcoma, especially in lymphoma. The overexpression of SPARC in lymphoma, especially DLBCL, was confirmed in several datasets. The ROC analysis revealed that SPARC was a valuable diagnostic biomarker. More importantly, compared with DLBCL patients with low SPARC expression, those with higher SPARC expression represented a higher overall survival rate. The ROC analysis showed that SPARC was a favorable prognostic biomarker for DLBCL. Results of the GSEA confirmed that the high expression of SPARC was closely associated with focal adhesion, extracellular matrix receptor interaction, and leukocyte transendothelial migration, which suggested that SPARC may be involved in the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, KRAS, and myogenesis in DLBCL. CONCLUSION SPARC was highly expressed in DLBCL, and the overexpression of SPARC showed sound diagnostic value. More interestingly, the overexpression of SPARC might be a favorable prognostic biomarker for DLBCL, suggesting that SPARC might be an inducible factor in the development of DLBCL, and inducible SPARC was negative in some oncogenic pathways. All the evidence suggested that inducible SPARC might be a good diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for DLBCL.

The multiple myeloma is a malignant clonal tumor of bone marrow plasma cells that is incurable and inevitably recurrent. The mechanisms of progression include tumor cell metastasis, immune escape, resistance to apoptosis, and malignant proliferation. The cysteine-rich secreted acidic protein is closely related to the growth, development, remodeling, and repair of cells and tissues. In our study, we divided myeloma patients and patients with other blood diseases into groups and measured the cysteine-rich secreted acidic protein (SPARC) content in the serum of different groups of patients as well as the prognostic differences. The U266 cells were transfected with interfering vectors and overexpressed SPARC vectors to determine the physiological functions of MM cells. Our results showed that SPARC was highly expressed in MM and the survival rate of the high SPARC expression group was lower than that of the low expression group. Interfering SPARC vectors inhibited cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and promoted apoptosis. Overexpression of SPARC vectors promoted cancer cell development. SPARC affected the patient’s disease development by regulating the biological behavior of the MM cells.

Objective. To analyze the abnormal changes of coagulation indexes in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and their clinical significance on prognosis. Methods. Among 80 patients with MM, there were 24 patients of light chain type, 36 patients of IgG type, and 20 patients of IgA type. In the same period, 30 healthy people were in the control group. The laboratory indexes such as plasma prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FIB), thromboplastin time (TT), D-dimer (D-D), and platelet (PLT) were detected and compared. The prognosis of MM patients was followed up, and the effects of various coagulation indexes on the prognosis of MM were analyzed by single-factor and multifactor analyses. Results. The PT and APTT of IgG and IgA groups were longer than those of the control group and the light chain group ( P < 0.05 ), but there was no significant difference between the IgG group and the IgA group, the control group, and the light chain group. There was no significant difference in FIB values among the four groups ( P > 0.05 ). The D-D content in the light chain group was higher than that in the control group, the IgG group, and the IgA group ( P < 0.05 ). During the follow-up period, of 80 MM patients, 61 patients survived and 19 patients died. Univariate analysis showed that APTT, PT, and D-D were the factors affecting the prognosis of MM patients, and the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ). Multivariate analysis showed that PT was an independent factor affecting the prognosis of MM patients ( P < 0.05 ). Discussion. Patients with MM have clotting abnormalities. Patients with IgA and IgG type MM have a longer clotting time than patients with other types of MM, and patients with light-chain type MM have higher D-D content and are more prone to thrombosis. PT is an independent factor affecting the prognosis of MM patients, and analysis of coagulation abnormalities is important for evaluating the prognosis of patients.