interferon ͉ MITA ͉ negative-feedback regulation ͉ IRF3 ͉ NF-B

N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) plays a key role in regulating gene expression in myriad organisms. Diapause is an important plastic phenotype that allows insects to survive under specific environmental conditions. However, the diapause molecular mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we analyzed the phylogenetics of genes related to the m6A modification complex in the silkworm (Bombyx mori) based on identified sequences from other organisms. We detected the expression of these genes during different developmental phases from four strains with different voltinism. We also determined total m6A content in cells treated with different diapause hormone concentrations or eggs exposed to hydrochloric acid. Our data revealed that m6A‐modification‐related gene expression and m6A content were greater in diapause‐destinated compared to nondiapause‐destined strains. Our findings suggest that m6A modification may provide significant epigenetic regulation of diapause‐related genes in the silkworm.

Intramuscular fat (IMF) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) are both lipids, but have significantly different deposition processes. Furthermore, the heterogeneity of lipid molecular characteristics and mechanisms is unclear. Accordingly, this study used non-targeted lipidomics and transcriptomics to analyze the lipid profiles and metabolism of longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) and VAT from donkeys. A total of 1,146 and 1,134 lipids belonging to 18 subclasses were identified in LDM and VAT, respectively, with LDM having higher glycerophospholipid (GP) and lower glycerolipid (GL) contents. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were distributed preferentially at the sn-1 positions in triglycerides (TGs), and sn-2 positions in phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). The percentage PUFA content in TGs was significantly lower in LDM than in VAT, while the opposite trend was observed for PUFAs in PC and PE. A total of 110 different lipid molecules (72 downregulated and 38 upregulated) were identified in LDM compared with VAT, of which 11 were considered potential lipid markers. These different lipids were involved in 17 metabolic pathways, including GL and GP metabolisms. Of the 578 differentially expressed genes screened, 311 were downregulated and 267 were upregulated in LDM compared with VAT. Enriched ontology analysis of the differentially expressed genes mainly involved sphingolipid signaling pathways, and GP, GL, and sphingolipid metabolisms. Overall, lipidomics and transcriptomics indicated differences in lipid profiles and metabolism in LDM and VAT, providing new perspectives for the study of heterogeneity in IMF and VAT.

Effects of thrombelastogram-guided (TEG-guided) clopidogrel and aspirin on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were investigated. A retrospective analysis was performed on 203 patients undergoing PCI interventional therapy in the Cardiovascular Medicine of Weihai Central Hospital from February 2015 to September 2016. The patients were treated with clopidogrel and aspirin for anti-thrombus therapy. Among them, 104 patients who had TEG detection of anticoagulant effects for guiding medication were the experimental group, and 99 patients without TEG detection for guiding medication the control group. The coagulation function and the platelet inhibition rate of patients after medication were evaluated and compared between the two groups. The incidence of MACE and bleeding events of patients was counted during three months of follow-up. Patients in the experimental group had higher R (coagulation reaction time) value and K (blood clot formation time) value than those in the control group after treatment (P<0.05), and lower MA (maximum amplitude) value than those in the control group (P<0.05). Patients in the experimental group had higher postoperative platelet inhibition rate than those in the control group (P<0.05). Patients in the experimental group had lower incidence of MACE and bleeding events than those in the control group (P<0.05). Coronary heart disease (CHD) patients after PCI with the TEG-guided dose adjustment of clopidogrel have more satisfactory treatment effects than patients without the TEG guidance. TEG makes the treatment of patients more targeted and is worthy of promotion.