Hijrah conception has experienced a shift of meaning between its concept in the Prophet's era and today. Hijrah is often associated with the use of niqob and radicalism. By wearing niqob as a means of hijrah, someone does not merely modify her fashion, but also her behavior. There is also an assumption that those who are not wearing niqob have yet to hijrah. This research aims to find out the concept of hijrah for women with niqob, including the background and the influence of the concept of hijrah on their religiosity. This study employs a descriptive qualitative research method. The data were collected from chats in a Niqober group, in which a discussion on hijrah was conducted. The conversations were captured, selected, sorted, classified, and displayed in tables. Then, the data were analyzed descriptively and iteratively. The results of this study indicate that today, hijrah has three concepts: a change in circumstance, a change in behavior, and a change in fashion. Wearing a niqob, as a form of hijrah, is influenced by some factors, such as the factors of partner, family, and environment. The concept of hijrah for Niqobers influences the meaning in religion. First, hijrah is symbolized with the use of niqob. Second, a woman who does hijrah by wearing niqob is considered to be radical. Third, hijrah using niqob means following the Arabic culture. This study suggests conducting an education related to the concept of hijrah that are believed by the Niqobers. To use niqob does not only mean hijrah, but also it is the Prophet's sunnah, and it is not obligated. Therefore, it cannot be assumed that women who do not wear niqob have yet to commit hijrah.

This study aims to explain how the linguistic elements of Arabic language reflects the social life of its users or society. This qualitative research relies on Arabic words and sentences as the main data taken from literatures and other written documents. The collected data are analysed qualitatively using a sociolinguistic approach to explain how the society use the Arabic words or sentences in their social interaction. The research reveals that Arabic language is one of the international languages which has the highest content of gender sexism among other languages in the world. Each Arabic word and sentence contain a gender identity (masculine and feminine). The Arabic or sentences that have a masculine identity are strong, strong, primary needs, and independent; whereas, the Arabic words or sentences that have a feminine identity are more likely to have the characteristics of cleanliness, health, secondary needs, and dependent. It can be concluded that the mastery of Arabic language requires not only the understanding of its words and sentences, but also its users' social life where the Arabic Language grows and develops. In other words, the use of Arabic language cannot be separated from the ideology, culture and social life of its users. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana unsur-unsur linguistik bahasa Arab menggambarkan kehidupan social masyarakat penggunanya. Penelitian kualitatif ini mengandalkan kata dan kalimat bahasa Arab sebagai data utama yang diambil dari literatur dan dokumen tulis lainnya. Data terkumpul dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan sosiolingistik untuk menjelaskan setiap kata atau kalimat bahasa Arab yang digunakan oleh sebuah komunitas masyarakat dalam interaksi sosial. Dalam penelitian terungkap bahwa bahasa Arab merupakan salah satu Bahasa internasional yang mengandung muatan seksisme gender paling tinggi di antara Bahasa-bahasa lain di dunia. Setiap kata dan kalimat bahasa Arab memuat identitas gender (maskulin dan feminine). Kata atau kalimat yang beridentitas maskulin memiliki sifat kokoh, kuat, kebutuhan primer, dan independen; sedangkan, kata atau kalimat yang beridentitas feminin lebih cenderung pada sifat yang berkaitan dengan ketertiban, kebersihan, kesehatan, kebutuhan skunder dan dependen. Dapat disimupulkan bahwa memahami bahasa Arab tidak cukup dengan memahami kata dan kalimatnya, namun perlu juga memahami kehidupan sosial masyarakat penggunanya di mana Bahasa Arab tersebut tumbuh dan berkembang. Dengan kata lain, Bahasa Arab tidak akan lepas dari ideologi, budaya dan kehidupan sosial masyarakat penggunanya.

This paper aims to uncover the Islamic values behind the ritual of a cow head burial held by people in Bamboo Forest, Sumbermujur, Candipuro, Lumajang. It is one of the rituals of a popular Javanese culture called Grebek Suro, conducted in the first month of the Javanese calendar. It finds that the Islamic value of the ritual is salam or safety. The cow head burial is intended to bring about safety (slamet) towards society in the upcoming year. This research is expected to contribute in calling people for preserving local culture and Islamic values within the rituals. It is limited to the exploration of the Islamic values within the ritual of a cow head burial in Grebeg Suro ceremony. Further researches are expected to study the other rituals, such as Gunungan, Tumpengan, Japa Mantra, Larungan, and the dancing ritual.Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap nilai Islam di balik ritual penanaman kepala sapi yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat di Hutan Bambu, Sumbermujur, Candipuro, Lumajang. Ini adalah salah satu ritual budaya Jawa terkenal, Grebek Suro, yang dilakukan pada bulan pertama penanggalan Jawa. Studi ini menemukain bahwa nilai Islam dari ritual tersebut adalah salam atau keselamatan. Penguburan kepala sapi dimaksudkan untuk membawa keselamatan (slamet) bagi masyarakat di tahun mendatang. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat berkontribusi dalam mengajak masyarakat untuk melestarikan budaya lokal dan nilai-nilai Islam dalam ritualnya. Penelitian ini terbatas pada penggalian nilai-nilai Islam dalam ritual penguburan kepala sapi di upacara Grebeg Suro. Penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan menganalisis ritual-ritual lainnya, seperti Gunungan, Tumpengan, Japa Mantra, Larungan, dan ritual menari.

The shift of the learning system from offline to online is a challenge for higher education lecturers. It demands creativity and innovation in designing the learning system, teaching strategies, methods, and evaluations to measure the students' abilities and understanding. Those who are accustomed to teaching face-to-face might find it hard to switch to online. They need to learn to operate the platform. This study describes lecturers' experiences in teaching online during the Covid-19 pandemic. It is a qualitative descriptive study with a phenomenological approach. The data are obtained from interviews with lecturers at the Center for Arabic Language Development at UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. This study shows that the challenges in teaching Arabic online raise the lecturers' creativity and innovation through various technology-based teaching activities. They even use several online applications in delivering the materials, such as Zoom, Google Meet, Google Classroom, WhatsApp, and Email. Technology-based teaching is a new transformation in education, especially in teaching Arabic.