Desmopressin was effective in reducing nocturnal diuresis and nocturnal voids in polyuric elderly subjects, with no significant adverse events or inconvenience to the patient. The length of uninterrupted sleep was also improved.

This paper presents a glossary and review of terminology used to describe the chemical and physical processes involved in soot formation and evolution. This review is intended to aid in communication within the field and across disciplines. There are large gaps in our understanding of soot formation and evolution and inconsistencies in the language used to describe the associated mechanisms. These inconsistencies lead to confusion within the field and hinder progress in addressing the gaps in our understanding. This review provides a list of definitions of terms and presents a description of their historical usage. It also addresses the inconsistencies in the use of terminology in order to dispel confusion and facilitate the advancement of our understanding of soot chemistry and particle characteristics. The intended audience includes senior and junior members of the soot, black-carbon, brown-carbon, and carbon-black scientific communities, researchers new to the field, and scientists and engineers in associated fields with an interest in carbonaceous-material production via high-temperature hydrocarbon chemistry.

Objective To evaluate the decrease in nocturnal polyuria was given. A dose of 0.2 mg desmopressin resulted in a further small decrease in the nocturnal diuresis to and the tolerability of three diCerent doses of oral desmopressin in elderly subjects. 0.9 (0.4) mL/min, whereas the 0.4 mg dose produced no additional eCect. The reduction in nocturnal Subjects and methods Subjects were included in the study if they; (i) were healthy and free from medication diuresis occurred almost exclusively in the group with a nocturnal urinary output of Á1.3 mL/min. After with possible influence on their diuresis or voiding pattern; (ii) had an increased nocturnal frequency treatment, diuresis returned to pretreatment levels. There was no change in body weight or in ankle (Á2 nocturnal voids, as reported in the pre-screening period); and (iii) had a nocturnal urinary output of circumference during desmopressin treatment and no serious adverse eCects were observed. Á0.9 mL/min. Seventeen men and six women (mean age 68.1, sd 4.7 years) met these criteria and wereConclusion Desmopressin reduces nocturnal diuresis in polyuric elderly subjects and this reduction, occurring treated with 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg oral desmopressin given at bedtime, each dose taken for one week on with doses of 0.1 mg given at bedtime, does not increase in a dose-dependent way. three consecutive weeks. Results The mean (sd) nocturnal diuresis before treat-

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