O trigo é um cereal importante devido as suas propriedades funcionais, tecnológicas e nutricionais. Contudo, a incidência de doenças como a mancha amarela e a ferrugem da folha, causam perdas significativas de produtividade. Objetivou-se avaliar a eficiência de diferentes fungicidas frente ao progresso e ao controle de mancha amarela e ferrugem da folha em trigo. O experimento foi instalado em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, na safra 2018, com a cv. BRS 374, sendo os tratamentos: T1) testemunha; T2) epoxiconazol + fluxapiroxade + piraclostrobina; T3) azoxistrobina + benzovindiflupir; T4) azoxistrobina + ciproconazol e propiconazol; T5) trifloxistrobina + tebuconazol; T6) piraclostrobina + metconazol; T7) piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol; e T8) protioconazol + trifloxistrobina. Avaliou-se a área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPD) e o controle (%) para mancha amarela e ferrugem da folha; peso hectolítrico (Ph), peso de mil grãos (PMG, g) e produtividade (kg ha-1). O fungicida epoxiconazol + fluxapiroxade + piraclostrobina obteve melhor controle alcançando 85,5% (mancha amarela) e 88,2% (ferrugem da folha). Os tratamentos com epoxiconazol + fluxapiroxade + piraclostrobina, azoxistrobina + benzovindiflupir, piraclostrobina + metconazol e protioconazol + trifloxistrobina apresentaram os melhores resultados, incrementando a produtividade em 37,4%, 38,0%, 39,4% e 43,8%, respectivamente.
Considering the importance of bean cultivation, the objective was to prove the effectiveness of the seed microbiolization method in the control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Ss) on black bean seeds (cv. IPR Tuiuiú), inoculated by the water restriction method. The treatments were fungicide methyl thiophanate + fluazinam (350.0 g L-1 + 52.5 g L-1); Trichoderma asperellum BV-10 (1.0 x 1010 viable conidia mL-1); T. harzianum strain CCT 7589 (1 x 109 CFUs L-1); Bacillus subtilis BV-02 (minimum 3.0 x 109 CFU mL-1); B. amyloliquefaciens isolated BV03 (minimum 3.0 x 109 CFU L-1); Positive control (seeds exposed to Ss); Negative control (NC) + fungicide; NC + T. asperellum; NC + T. harzianum; NC + B. subtilis; NC + B. subtilis; and NC (PDA medium plus restricting). To verify the effects on germination, vigor, and the health of bean seeds, and seedling emergence in the field. Microbiolization with T. asperellum and T. harzianum, provides improvement in germination, vigor, and health, but is not superior to fungicide treatment. Bacillus subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens, in seeds not inoculated with the pathogen, produce the best results for green and dry mass (g). These may be used in the integrated management of white bean mold.
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