Background: Fetal weight estimation is of utmost need to determine the course of labour and complications for its management. This study intents to compare the fetal weight determined through Johnson’s method and Hadlock’s method with actual birth weight in term pregnancies. Methods: This is an observational study carried out over a period of six months in Kirtipur Hospital among 200 samples of term, singleton pregnancy with cephalic presentation using convenience sampling technique.Results: The mean maternal age was 25.9±4.3 years whereas mean gestational age was 39.1 weeks. Less than half (49.1%) of the babies’ weight ranged between 3.0 - 3.5 kgs. The mean error of estimated weight by Johnson’s method was less compared to Hadlock’s method 185.1±191.1 grams and 355.8±225.7 grams respectively. It was also observed that estimation of fetal weight by Johnson’s method was closer to the actual birth weight than by Hadlock’s method.Conclusions: Johnson’s method requires some basic skills and knowledge with flexibility to apply as and where needed beyond the health facilities irrespective of the availability of the equipment. Furthermore, it was also observed to be slightly more specific in its estimation of birth weight among the term pregnancies compared to Hadlock’s method. Hence, it should be promoted widely among the clinicians. However, Hadlock’s method is equally important for detection of anomalies and high-risk factors coupled with confirmation of the estimation made through Johnson’s method.Keywords: Actual birth weight; estimated fetal weight; hadlock’s method; johnson’s method.

Background: Reproductive health of women has been the central agenda of Cairo conference since its inception in 1999. As a signatory country for Cairo Conference, Nepal government is also committed for reproductive rights for Nepalese women. Despite this, reproductive health challenges do exist in Nepal. This prompted us to determine the reproductive health status of married women attending in cervical cancer screening in Kath­mandu. Methods: Cross sectional study was designed to include retrospective data of married women, obtained during cervical cancer screening camp conducted by KIST Medical College at Laga Khala Clinic, Lagan, Kathmandu on 12-02- 2017. Among married women (131) attended cervical 100 wom­en’s records with complete set of data for reproductive health variables required for the study were included in this study. Statistical analysis was done descriptively. Results: Participant’s age is between 21 years to 61 years, 83% are liter­ate and 46% are employed. Adolescence marriage and pregnancy were two main problems noted. Cervical examination in relation showed 3% (3) VIA positive, 33% (33) Cervicitis, 10% (10) cervical polyp, 7% (7) atrophic vaginitis, 4% (4) cervical erosion and 43% (43) healthy cervix. Regarding Knowledge about risk factor majority 92% (92) had either no knowledge or only some extent of knowledge. Conclusions: Married women who lives in Kathmandu has significant re­productive health problem. Urban health program should address these issues.

Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of detecting precancerous cervical cells, via a visual inspection of the cervix and an application of acetic acid (VIA) with the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear,to screen for cervical cancer in resource poor countries.Methods: The study involved 189 women between the ages of 30-60 years, who attended the Gynaecological Out Patient Department at Kirtipur hospital from 1st December 2014 to 31st March 2015. A VIA and Pap smear was done in all women, with cervical biopsies conducted in VIA positive women.Results: Themajority of these women were in the age range of 30-39 years, non-smokers, housewives, multipara and non-users of contraception. Of the tested group 8 (4.2%) had a history of post coital bleeding, 64 (21.2%) presented with lower abdominal pain, 64 (33.9%) presented with suspected abnormal vaginal discharge and 34 (17.98%) with dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Out of 189 women the VIA was positive in 5 (2.62%) and a Pap smear was positive in 2 (1.1%). Bycomparison to a Pap smear the VIA has an accuracyof 100%, specificity 98.4%, positive predictive value 40% and negative predictive value 100%.Conclusions: A visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid performed by a qualified physician is a suitable alternative for precancerous cell screening in low resource settings.

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Background: Reproductive health of women has been the central agenda of Cairo conference since its inception in 1999. As a signatory country for Cairo Conference, Nepal government is also committed for reproductive rights for Nepalese women. Despite this, reproductive health challenges do exist in Nepal. This prompted us to determine the reproductive health status of married women attending in cervical cancer screening in Kath­mandu. Methods: Cross sectional study was designed to include retrospective data of married women, obtained during cervical cancer screening camp conducted by KIST Medical College at Laga Khala Clinic, Lagan, Kathmandu on 12-02- 2017. Among married women (131) attended cervical 100 wom­en’s records with complete set of data for reproductive health variables required for the study were included in this study. Statistical analysis was done descriptively. Results: Participant’s age is between 21 years to 61years, 83% are liter­ate and 46% are employed. Adolescence marriage and pregnancy were two main problems noted. Cervical examination in relation showed 3% (3) VIA positive, 33% (33) Cervicitis, 10% (10) cervical polyp, 7% (7) atrophic vaginitis, 4% (4) cervical erosion and 43% (43) healthy cervix. Regarding Knowledge about risk factor majority 92% (92) had either no knowledge or only some extent of knowledge. Conclusions: Married women who lives in Kathmandu has significant re­productive health problem. Urban health program should address these issues.