The paper analyzes the position of the Federal Republic of Germany in international relations today and based on that policy, possible guidelines for the Republic of Serbia in its strategic actions in the upcoming period are given. The first goal of the research was to consider the relationship of official Berlin to the European Union, the United States, Russia, China and the rest of the world. Berlin's tendency to further strengthen the institutions, monetary, foreign and defense policy of the European Union has been present for decades. However, since 2008, that policy has been going through constant challenges. The Greek debt crisis, Brexit, the migrant crisis, the recession, a new wave of debts by European countries due to the Covid-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine have put the authorities in Berlin in a difficult position. The failure of Germany and France to establish a unified EU security policy, the impossibility of peace initiatives around Ukraine and the consistent monitoring of Washington's policy have limited the EU ability to project power in other parts of the world. In addition to Russia, it is also obvious that the growing antagonism towards the People's Republic of China has been noticed recently, which threatens to affect very good economic relations The second goal of the paper is to offer Serbia's strategic options based on global trends, and in the context of German policy towards the Western Balkans. The Serbian focus on the European integration and the proclaimed policy of neutrality with a strong commitment to the European peace can be an incentive for joint affairs of the two countries. Particularly problematic is Berlin's attitude towards the self-proclaimed independence of the interim institutions in Prishtina. The opposing positions of Germany and Serbia, however, can be attributed to various regional initiatives such as the Berlin Process and particularly the Open Balkans. The attempts to further escalate the conflict or confrontation of Serbia towards the environment would adversely affect the position of Serbs in the surrounding countries and would also weaken economic exchange, which is traditionally oriented towards the European countries. However, official Belgrade should also work on strengthening internal capacities, primarily defensive, economic, administrative and demographic, so that it can have a high level of readiness in case of possible challenges.
Kao pojava izuzetno drugog trajanja, nasilje ima veliku važnost ne samo u ljudskoj evoluciji i istoriji, već i u savremenom delovanju. Cilj ovog preglednog rada jeste da se, na osnovu literature, prikažu kako uzroci, tako i manifestacije nasilja u društvenom kontekstu. U prvom delu posebna pažnja posvećena je definisanju pojma nasilje, a potom je predstavljena i njegova tipologija. Već u definisanju postoje problemi budući da pojedini autori ističu fizički karatker, dok drugi veruju da pored fizičke sile postoje i emocionalni i duhovni činioci nasilja. Nasilje ima višestruke uzroke. Sa jedne strane, naučnici smatraju da je ono uslovljeno biološkim faktorima (pre svega genetskim i endokrinološkim). Sa druge strane, istraživači, pre svega iz društvenih nauka, ističu da je ova pojava vezana ne samo za biološke, nego i za društvene faktore (siromaštvo, kulturu, rodne uloge itd.). U društvima postoje različiti vidovi nasilja. Pored mnogih oblika kriminaliteta i nasilja u porodici, vrlo važan aspekt igra i političko nasilje koje sprovode podjednako državne ustanove i paradržavne organizacije (kriminalne, fundamentalističke i terorističke grupe). U radu je postavljeno i pitanje da li nasilje opada tokom vremena. Na osnovu drugih radova uočeno je da postoje dve škole mišljenja. Prema jednoj grupi autora (poput Norberta Elijasa i Stivena Pinkera), sa procesom razvoja trgovine i tehnologija i širenjem ideja prosvetiteljstva dolazi do nesumnjivog opadanja nasilja i danas se živi u najsigurnijem od svih vremena. Suprotno tome, njihovi kritičari ističu da nasilje ne samo da nije nestalo, već je dobilo nove oblike i da je masovnije nego ikada.
U radu su analizirane interpretacije hrvatske istoriografije i publicistike o Josipu Franku (1844–1911), hrvatskom političaru, pravniku i nacionalnom radniku na prelazu iz 19. u 20. vek. Na osnovu prikazanog uočeno je da o ovom političaru postoji nekoliko istoriografskih predstava. Prva, i svakako najdugovečnija, potekla je od starije hrvatske istoriografije koja je negativno vrednovala Frankovu ulogu u političkom životu. Druga, podjednako dugo prisutna, svesno je, premda iz različitih političkih i ideoloških motiva, zanemarivala Franka. Na kraju, treća, i najrecentnija, afirmativno predstavlja Frankovu ulogu u hrvatskom političkom životu i u današnje vreme ona je dominantna u hrvatskoj istoriografiji.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.