We conducted a prospective study with the aim of determining HPV prevalence and type distribution in the general female population of Southern Croatia (SDC), and to detect the presence of other microorganisms in the lower part of the female reproductive system and their possible influence on the frequency of HPV infection. Data were collected during routine check-up exams. All participants were examined by a gynecologist, and cervico-vaginal scrapings/swabs were collected, for cytological (Pap smear) and microbiological (for bacterial growth, genital mycoplasmas, chlamydia, and HPV) analysis. Informed consent was obtained from all participants with accompanying questionnaire. A total of 1050 asymptomatic women living in SDC participated in the study during a one-year period, and 107 of them (10.2%) had HR-HPV infection. We found that the presence of some bacteria (Ureaplasma, Chlamydia, and Gardnerella) in the lower part of the female genital system has a positive correlation with the frequency of HPV infection and, consequently, a possible influence on faster progression to cervical dysplasia caused by HPV. We consider that inclusion of screening for sexually transmitted infections as monitoring in women with HPV infection could help to find women at risk of cervical cancer progression.
Uvod: Infekcije uzrokovane klamidijom ubrajaju se u najčešće spolno prenosive bolesti, posebno kod populacije mlađe od 25 godina. Često su asimptomatske, pa infekcija ostane neprepoznata i neliječena i može dovesti do razvoja komplikacija. Odgovornost za nadzor nad klamidijskom infekcijom je na javnom zdravstvu jer provedba preventivnih programa s ciljem pravovremenog otkrivanja i liječenja infekcije sprječava razvoj komplikacija. Cilj je ovoga rada bio utvrditi učestalost infekcije bakterijom Chlamydia trachomatis u Splitsko-dalmatinskoj županiji, analizirati učestalost s obzirom na dob i spol, te na osnovu rezultata zaključiti je li vrijeme da Republika Hrvatska uvede probir na klamidiju među adolescentskom populacijom. Metode: Za potrebe ovoga rada analizirani su šestogodišnji podaci rutinskog testiranja na bakteriju C.trachomatis u Nastavnom zavodu za javno zdravstvo Splitsko-dalmatinske županije (NZJZ-SDŽ). Testiranja su napravljena PCR metodom na sustavu Cobas 4800 (Roche). Rezultati: U šestogodišnjem razdoblju (2015. - 2020.) ukupno je testirano 45 431 pacijenata na DNK C.trachomatis, te je otkriveno 1 010 (2,2 %) pozitivnih uzoraka. U skupini osoba mlađih od 25 godina testirano je samo 5 886 uzoraka (13,0 % od ukupnog broja testiranih), a među njima je bilo 6,1 % pozitivnih na klamidiju (5,7 % od testiranih žena i 9,0% od testiranih muškaraca, mlađih od 25 godina). Kod osoba starijih od 25 godina bilo je tek 1,6 % pozitivnih na klamidiju (1,4 % žena i 3,2 % muškaraca) . Zaključak: Prema rezultatima naše studije, prevalencija klamidijske infekcije u adolescenata znatno je viša od 3,0 %, što ukazuje na neophodnost i ekonomsku opravdanost uvođenja probira na klamidiju među adolescentskom populacijom u Hrvatskoj.
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