Far-UVC radiation, typically defined as 200-235 nm, has similar or greater anti-microbial efficacy compared to conventional 254-nm germicidal radiation. In addition, biophysical considerations of the interaction of far-UVC with tissue, as well as multiple short-term safety studies in animal models and humans, suggest that far-UVC exposure may be safe for skin and eye tissue.Nevertheless, the potential for skin cancer after chronic long-term exposure to far-UVC has not been studied. Here, we assessed far-UVC induced carcinogenic skin changes and other pathological dermal abnormalities in 96 SKH-1 hairless mice of both sexes that were exposed to average daily dorsal skin doses of 396 mJ/cm 2 , 126 mJ/cm 2 or 56 mJ/cm 2 of 222 nm far-UVC radiation for 66 weeks, 5 days per week, 8 hours per day, as well as similarly-treated unexposed controls. No evidence for increased skin cancer, abnormal skin growths, or incidental skin pathology findings was observed in the far-UVC exposed mice. In addition, there were no significant changes in morbidity or mortality. The findings from this study support the long-term safety of long-term chronic exposure to far-UVC radiation, and therefore its potential suitability as a practical anti-microbial approach to reduce airborne viral and bacterial loads in occupied indoor settings..

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Far-UVC radiation, typically defined as 200-235 nm, has similar or greater anti-microbial efficacy compared to conventional 254-nm germicidal radiation. In addition, biophysical considerations of the interaction of far-UVC with tissue, as well as multiple short-term safety studies in animal models and humans, suggest that far-UVC exposure may be safe for skin and eye tissue. Nevertheless, the potential for skin cancer after chronic long-term exposure to far-UVC has not been studied. Here, we assessed far-UVC induced carcinogenic skin changes and other pathological dermal abnormalities in 96 SKH-1 hairless mice of both sexes that were exposed to average daily dorsal skin doses of 396 mJ/cm2, 126 mJ/cm2 or 56 mJ/cm2 of 222 nm far-UVC radiation for 66 weeks, 5 days per week, 8 hours per day, as well as similarly-treated unexposed controls. No evidence for increased skin cancer, abnormal skin growths, or incidental skin pathology findings was observed in the far-UVC exposed mice. In addition, there were no significant changes in morbidity or mortality. The findings from this study support the long-term safety of long-term chronic exposure to far-UVC radiation, and therefore its potential suitability as a practical anti-microbial approach to reduce airborne viral and bacterial loads in occupied indoor settings.

This article explores literature to determine if there are specific psychiatric disorders in which monoamine oxidase inhibition (MAOI) therapy proved effective. Evidence was considered adequate to deem MAOIs indicated for illnesses in which we found two or more randomized controlled trials (RCTs) demonstrating superiority of MAOI relative to a comparator. The comparator could be placebo or active drug. Equivalency studies in which two drugs are not found to differ were considered supportive of efficacy but not definitive, as were systematic case series. We also examined case studies, but consider these studies prone to chance circumstances and possibly based on rare events—thus not definitive in predicting the likelihood of the next such patient experiencing significant benefit. Four of six positive RCTs of panic disorder, 9 of 12 for social phobia, and 5 of 5 for bulimia demonstrate that MAOIs are indicated for these conditions, although the studies of panic disorder suggest MAOIs may be more helpful in alleviating panic attacks than agoraphobia. Three positive studies of selegiline for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) indicate its efficacy. Despite three positive RCTs reporting efficacy of MAOIs for melancholia and/or endogenous depression, and similarly, three potentially positive RCTs including placebo comparison in borderline personality disorder, each was problematic; thus, no definitive conclusion was possible. Finally, an equivalence study failed to differentiate clomipramine from phenelzine, suggesting possible efficacy of phenelzine for obsessive-compulsive disorder, but the study cannot be considered definitive. MAOIs appear efficacious for a variety of disorders besides depression, including bulimia, ADHD, social phobia, and panic disorder. [Psychiatr Ann. 2014;44(12):567–573.]