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The reaction of unsubstituted aliphatic nitriles, such as acetonitrile and benzonitrile, with amines in water is catalyzed by such different compounds as hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, and thiophenol and is particularly well catalyzed by hydrogen sulfide and thioacetamide. The hydrogen sulfide catalysis leads to either substituted amides (with primary amines at 100-150°, with morpholine at 100-150°, and with piperidine and diethylamine at 150°) or unsubstituted amides (with piperidine and diethylamine at 100°). These products are not produced in substantial amounts in uncatalyzed reactions at these temperatures. The reaction of acetonitrile with water in the presence of triethylamine and hydrogen sulfide at 100°g ives acetamide.

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