There is consensus that late vitamin K defi ciency bleeding (VKDB) should be prevented by vitamin K prophylaxis, One single dose of 1 mg vitamin Ki is effective if given i.m. or s.c., but not if given orally. Repeated oral doses might be as effective as the par enteral dose but the optimal dose regimen remains to be established. Different oral dose schedules are presently used in different countries. In Australia, Germany, The Netherlands and Switzerland active surveillance data on late VKDB were collected in a similar manner and failure rates compared. Identical case definitions were used. There were three basic strategies for oral and one for parenteral vitamin K prophylaxis for healthy new borns in the four countries: (1) daily supplementation of low dose vitamin K (25 pig) for breast-fed infants (The Netherlands); (2) 3 x

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