Anaphylaxis is an uncommon but important cause of serious morbidity and even mortality in the perioperative period. The Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists (ANZCA) with the Australian and New Zealand Anaesthetic Allergy Group (ANZAAG) have developed clinical management guidelines that include six crisis management cards. The content of the guidelines and cards is based on published literature and other international guidelines for the management of anaesthesia-related and non-anaesthesia-related anaphylaxis. The evidence is summarised in the associated background paper (Perioperative Anaphylaxis Management Guidelines [2016] www.anzca.edu.au/resources/endorsed-guidelines and www.anzaag.com/Mgmt%20Resources.aspx). These guidelines are intended to apply to anaphylaxis occurring only during the perioperative period. They are not intended to apply to anaphylaxis outside the setting of dedicated monitoring and management by an anaesthetist. In this paper guidelines will be presented along with a brief background to their development.
Chances are that in your lifetime, you will both care for an elder and be cared for as an elder. Many people who are not professional caregivers are involved in caring for an elder, particularly when the elder lives at home. The potentially demanding responsibilities involved in that care affect the lives of these people.We performed a user study that initially focused on developing information systems to reduce stress for elders' caregivers and concerned family members. Although we expected to find several people providing care and having concern for the elder, we were surprised at the broad range of people involved in the care and the extent to which caring for the elder affected their personal lives. We observed uneven distribution of responsibility, miscommunication, misunderstanding, distrust, unmet care needs, and negative impact on the careers and personal needs of the individuals involved. These issues were largely due to problems of coordinating the elder's care.Technology can help people coordinate these activities. However, no one has thoroughly analyzed eldercare from the entire support network's viewpoint. For example, current research typically investigates how robots, smart phones, and so on can assist elders in their daily activities and how monitoring devices such as smart medicine cabinets 1 can provide information to a caregiver (see the "Related Work in Eldercare Technologies" sidebar). Addressing specific issues in eldercare rather than issues of caring as a whole limits these technologies' impact in real-world deployments. Computer-supported coordinated careThe problem of coordinating the care of elders living at home hasn't been well defined or explored. Our work focuses on using technology to aid the elder's entire support network. To distinguish this space from the broader research issues of computer-supported cooperative work, we call it computer-supported coordinated care and propose that it is a meaningful focus for the pervasive computing, CSCW, and human-computer interaction (HCI) communities.Although some aspects of CSCC are very similar to existing CSCW work (activity theory, for example 2 ), CSCC focuses on a person rather than a shared objective, such as "keeping a person healthy." This shift in focus has implications for supporting technology because issues such as emotion, trust, and privacy become foremost in importance. Although one of the support network's objectives is to keep the person healthy, it must also consider the person's mental and emotional states and overall well-being. In many circumstances, the network is dealing with a person who is slowly losing his or her independence. User studiesTo explore the space of eldercare, we conComputer-supported coordinated care uses technology to aid the network of people who support an elder living at home. CSCC supports improved communication among individuals and a balanced distribution of responsibilities to allow the elder to live at home despite increasing care needs.
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