The major spatial changes in the communities of invertebrates in the grass cover of the Northeastern Altai and the factors determining these changes are revealed on the basis of multi-year accounts. The strength and general character of the connection between nonhomogeneity of population and environment are estimated.

Tourism development directly affects territorial biological diversity. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to analyze the biological diversity in the areas with intensive impact of tourism and recreational activities in the Altai Republic. The article presents the results of field studies in the Katun Nature Reserve in the Altai Republic. This territory is characterized by an excessive tourism and recreational burden on ecosystems. Based on the quantitative analysis, data on the abundance (density) of species of clavaceous lepidoptera (diurnal butterflies) and orthopterans, amphibians, reptiles, birds, small mammals, resources of superterraneous biomass of herbage cover and earthworms (lumbricidae) were obtained. The proposed publication is an attempt of a comprehensive analysis of changes occurring in biological communities as a result of the impact of tourism and recreational environmental management.

Mountainous natural complexes of Altai cross-border territory is a unique object of studies into their durability against an external impact since they represent a complex mosaic structure. Authors used an integral characteristic as an assessment factor, which allowed to determine the durability of their soil cover. First, the river layer was converted into the scanning pattern. Next, all characteristics were translated into relative values, During the research, it was established that those ecosystems that formed on terrain consisting of steep slopes were more susceptible to adverse natural phenomena. It was discovered that the landscape is an optimal unit for determining the durability of ecosystems. The article provides results of an integral assessment of the degree of ecosystem’s ecological durability against an external impact.

Резюме. На основе метода максимальной энтропии построены вероятностные модели современного, прошлого и будущего распространения обыкновенного аполлона Parnassius apollo (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) на Алтае. Оценка предиктивной ценности 19 биоклиматических и 3 топографических факторов показывает, что пространственное распределение вида в наибольшей мере согласуется с тремя из них: количеством осадков в самом холодном и самом тёплом кварталах и средней температурой наиболее тёплого квартала. Определена оптимальная, субоптимальная и пессимальная в климатическом отношении среда обитания аполлона на Алтае. Выявлено, что изменения ареала вида в прошлом были разнонаправленными, и его расширение в одной части могло совпадать с одновременным сокращением в другой. Прогноз пространственного размещения P. apollo в будущем свидетельствует о том, что к 2070 г. ареал не останется стабильным, но направленность и интенсивность изменений будет зависеть от того, какой из сценариев изменений климата (RCP) реализуется в действительности.

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