This study is focused on the development of water-based ITO nanoparticle dispersions and ink-jet fabrication methodology of an indium tin oxide (ITO) sensor for room temperature operations. Dimensionless correlations of material-tool-process variables were used to map the printing process and several interpretational frameworks were re-examined. A reduction of the problem to the Newtonian fluid approach was applied for the sake of simplicity. The ink properties as well as the properties of the deposited layers were tested for various nanoparticles loading. High-quality films were prepared and annealed at different temperatures. The best performing material composition, process parameters and post-print treatment conditions were used for preparing the testing sensor devices. Printed specimens were exposed to toluene vapours at room temperature. Good sensitivity, fast responses and recoveries were observed in ambient air although the n-type response mechanism to toluene is influenced by moisture in air and baseline drift was observed. Sensing response inversion was observed in an oxygen and moisture-free N2 atmosphere which is explained by the charge-transfer mechanism between the adsorbent and adsorbate molecules. The sensitivity of the device was slightly better and the response was stable showing no drifts in the protective atmosphere.
This work focuses on an inkjet-fabricated sensor based on copper oxide nanostructured particles on polymer flexible substrate for the sensing of alcohol vapours and humidity at room temperature. Nanoparticles were prepared by a microwave-assisted solvothermal sealed vessel synthesis method. The ink composition was developed on the basis of viscosity and surface tension optimization by the addition of polymeric steric surfactant and dispersant. The printing process was optimized with the help of non-dimensional criteria. Silver nanoink was used for the printing of an interdigitated pattern on a PET substrate which was overprinted by the copper oxide ink, thus obtaining a flexible flat sensor. Material design and all fabrication steps of the sensor respected the temperature limitation given by the thermal stability of the polymer substrate. Printed layers and motifs were characterized microscopically and by resistance measurement. The effectiveness of the prepared sensor was demonstrated and studied by measuring the response to saturated vapours at room temperature. The sensing layer showed the opposite resistance response to stimuli than expected for the well-known p-type sensing mechanism of CuO sensors operated at high temperatures. In addition to vapour sorption, condensation and desorption influencing electron, proton and ionic conductivity, manifestation of another mechanism was observed and an explanation suggested in terms of the electrochemical mechanism.
This article describes the construction of an antenna that operates at frequencies of 1.07, 1.5, and 2.49 GHz and that is fabricated on a flexible polymer substrate using inkjet printing technology. In particular, this article is focused on the preparation and characterization of an antenna starting from the ink formulation for printing a homogeneous, electrically conductive layer using silver nanoparticles. The diameter of the prepared silver nanoparticles ranges from 50 to 200 nm. The inkjet printing technology on flexible polymer substrates offers a wide range of applications where there are high demands for flexibility. In combination with the polymer substrate, inkjet printing enables the production of more complex shapes and curves for antennas that are widely applicable not only in wearable electronic devices but also in plastic cases for portable communication devices.
This paper described the use of inkjet printing to design multiband fractal antenna based on Sierpinski arrowhead curve architecture. The antenna is printed using silver nanoparticles on a plastic substrate PET (Polyethylene terephthalate). Using a combination of printing technology and fractal geometry to achieve very advanced parameters in three frequency bands 650 MHz, 1,57 GHz and 2,5 GHz. Multiband antenna may find application in specific portable devices, where it would be possible to implement the antenna housing facilities in the form of printing.
Nowadays, inkjet-printing technology is considered one of the most promising deposition techniques. It allows the highly precise deposition of functional materials to the required place on a substrate and a cost-saving printing process, especially when the drop-on-demand manner is used. Moreover, it represents the perfect technique for the controlled deposition of polymer material, especially for polymer solutions, because of their low viscosity and better process ability. Poly(vinyl alcohol) was chosen because of its versatile application potential; moreover, its compatibility with the human body only increases its usability in bio-applications. The main purpose of this research was to find the appropriate solvent system for poly(vinyl alcohol) and its printability. Solutions with the best properties were printed in pre-defined patterns and personally defined motifs and the printing conditions were optimized in order to obtain patterns with the best possible shape and resolution, which were analysed by optical microscopy. Keywords: inkjet ink, poly(vinyl alcohol), printed patterns, viscosity, surface tension Dandanes tehnologija tiskanja z brizganjem predstavlja eno najobetavnej{ih tehnik za nana{anje. Omogo~a zelo natan~en nanos funkcionalnih materialov na dolo~eno mesto na podlago, je cenovno ugoden proces, {e posebno pri zahtevnem posebnem na~inu tiskanja. Poleg tega predstavlja odli~no tehniko za kontroliran nanos polimernega materiala, {e posebno raztopine polimera, zaradi nizke viskoznosti in bolj{e sposobnosti procesa. Zaradi vsestranske mo`nosti uporabe je bil izbran poli(vinil alkohol), poleg tega pa njegova kompatibilnost s~love{kim telesom pove~uje mo`nosti biouporabe. Glavni namen te raziskave je bil poiskati primeren sistem raztapljanja poli(vinil alkohola) s sposobnostjo za tiskanje. Raztopine z najbolj{imi lastnostmi so bile uporabljene pri tiskanju dolo~enih vzorcev in osebno opredeljenih motivov. Pogoji tiskanja so bili optimirani za doseganje vzorcev z najve~jo mo`no obliko in lo~ljivostjo, kar je bilo analizirano s svetlobno mikroskopijo. Klju~ne besede:~rnilo za brizganje, poli(vinil alkohol), tiskani vzorci, viskoznost, povr{inska napetost
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