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This study examined the mediating role of sociocultural pressures (i.e., parental, peer, significant others, and media) and the internalization of appearance ideals (i.e., thin, muscular, attractive) on the relationship of Body Mass Index (BMI) and exercise frequency to exercise motives (i.e., weight management, appearance, positive health). A total of 262 young women, age 18 to 29, participated in the study. Average BMI in this sample was 22.09 ( SD = 2.69) and ranged from 18.03 to 31.51, with 15.3% of the sample having a BMI of 25 and above, which qualifies as overweight. Participants completed Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4-Revised and Exercise Motivations Inventory-2 (EMI-2) along with some demographic information and questions regarding their exercise habits. The results indicated that women with higher BMI are more motivated to exercise to lose weight, and women who exercise more frequently are motivated by the aspect of positive health. Also, women with higher BMI perceive more sociocultural pressures to obtain a culturally acceptable body. The sociocultural pressures and appearance internalization mediated the relationship between BMI and the frequency of exercise with motives for exercise. The implications and future directions of research are discussed.

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The study focuses on the impact of time and motives for everyday activities on mood and daily satisfaction. One hundred twenty-one undergraduate students participated in study using experience sampling method. The short PANAS scale, one item momentary satisfaction measure and state orientation to happiness scale were used. The measures were administered five times a day for 7 days via hand-held devices. The data were modeled using a linear mixed-effects approach. The models fitted the data reasonably well, especially for satisfaction and positive affect (PA) sharing similar parameter estimates. Both showed a nonlinear increase through the week while PA showed a similarly shaped circa-diurnal rhythm too. Negative affect (NA) showed almost no rhythm at all. Both hedonic and eudaimonic motives increased satisfaction and PA. Hedonic motives had a negative impact on NA. Generally, on momentary level, hedonic motives have a greater impact while longer intervals seem to emphasize the importance of eudaimonic motives.

To date, a variety of market segmentation approaches have been employed to identify homogenous visitor segments in wilderness and protected area settings. This study focuses on activity-based segmentation of specific subgroups of visitors, specifically visitors of Paklenica National Park, Croatia. Data were randomly collected from visitors by means of self-administered questionnaires using a face-to-face approach (n=352). Hierarchical and non-hierarchical cluster analysis enabled the identification of two distinct and managerially relevant segments: Activists and Passivists. The segments were characterised by the perceived importance of desired benefits, travel behaviour, environmental commitment and socio-demographic characteristics. The study findings revealed significant segment differences in terms of the perceived importance of desired benefits, travel behaviour and environmental commitment. Yet, for each segment, inter-correlations between the desired benefit dimensions were examined. Here, the results indicated that each segment was more likely to perceive desired benefits through the wider prism of their positive mutual relationships than by considering them to be a self-determining unit. Socio-demographic descriptors exhibited a weak role in segment characterisation. The study findings might directly assist Park managers to develop more effective visitor management strategies and to enhance marketing strategies in general. Specific practical implications of the study findings are also discussed.