Background: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship of selected systemic and oral health parameters and the salivary presence of six periodontal pathogens to age‐related macular degeneration (AMD).Methods: The present cross‐sectional study includes data on 1,751 individuals (≥30 years old). General health information was obtained by questionnaires and interviews, including self‐reported diagnosis of AMD, as well as by the general and oral health examination, including panoramic radiography and laboratory analyses. Fifty‐four individuals with degenerative fundus changes formed the AMD group, and the other 1,697 formed the non‐AMD group. Pearson χ2 and analysis of variance tests were used for comparisons of categorical parameters and continuous parameters between the participant groups, respectively. A logistic regression analysis was performed to study the association of AMD with alveolar bone loss and the number of teeth by controlling for age, diabetic status, systolic blood pressure, education, and smoking, and also for the carriage of salivary bacteria.Results: Advanced age, systolic blood pressure, and diabetes were associated with AMD (P <0.001), whereas the carriage rates of the examined periodontal pathogens were not. In the whole study population, the participants with AMD had fewer teeth (P <0.001) and more alveolar bone loss (P = 0.004) compared with non‐AMD participants. In a logistic regression model adjusted for age, smoking, and diabetes, alveolar bone loss was associated with AMD in males with an odds ratio of 4.3 (95% confidence interval = 1.3 to 14.6, P = 0.013).Conclusion: In this population‐based health survey, alveolar bone loss is independently associated with AMD in males.

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Importance: Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) is the most common complication after cataract surgery. Background: We aimed to assess the relationship between intraocular lens (IOL) diopter and formation of PCO among a consecutive real-world registry. Design: Cohort study. Participants: Included were 14 264 consecutive cases of uncomplicated cataract surgery performed during 2014 to 2018 in Helsinki University Hospital in Finland. Methods: Nd:YAG capsulotomies were used as an estimate of clinically significant PCO. A single eye of each patient and a single type of IOL were included. Main Outcome Measure: Nd:YAG posterior capsulotomy free survival. Results: Mean age was 73.2 ± 9.9 years and 61.8% were female. Mean followup time was 25.4 ± 16.8 months. Overall PCO rates were 1.1% at 1-year, 3.0% at 2-year, 7.1% at 3-year and 10.2% at 4-year. Patients with IOL diopters (D) in the lower quartile (≤20.0 D) had significantly higher rates of PCO (1.3% at 1-year, 4.4% at 2-years, 9.4% at 3-years and 14.2% at 4-years, P < .001). A logistic regression model showed increased risk for PCO formation with lower diopter IOLs; for ≤20.0 D: OR 1.343 (95% CI: 1.132-1.593), for ≤10.0 D: OR 2.409 (95% CI 1.203-4.287), P < .001 for all comparisons. In a multivariant regression accounting for possible confounders, results remained consistent. Conclusions and Relevance: Among a cohort of patients undergoing cataract surgery, use of lower diopter IOLs was associated with increased incidence of clinically significant PCO. Research into IOL biomechanics to decrease PCO may be warranted especially in lower diopter IOLs.

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