The peacock bass species Cichla spp. are economically important in the Amazon region, being used in food, sport fishing and the ornamental fish market. The aims of present study was investigate the ecophysiological interactions and the relationship to the physical parameters of the water. In order to compare and ecologically correlate the species of peacock bass (Cichla monoculus, Cichla temensis and Cichla vazzoleri) in Lake Balbina, Presidente Figueiredo. The total of 45 animals, 15 individuals of each species, was captured with rod and reel, hand line with natural and artificial bait. The animals blood was removed by means of caudal puncture and the hematological data were determined according to methodology previously described in the literature. The analysis of water physical properties was determined during the collections. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used for observations of interactions (60.00%). The PCA of the erythrogram showed an interaction of 86.26%, the thrombogram and leukogram of the peacock bass species showed no interaction. The PCA of the plasma metabolites showed no interaction with a rate of 51.55%, however, there is a tendency in the x axis, where the species C. monoculos presents distinct ecophysiological patterns of C. temensis and C. vazzoleri. In the analysis of the physical properties of the water, was observed interaction 96.59%, where in the X axis the species C. monoculos and C. vazzoleri inhabit exclusive localities. It is possible to infer that C. monoculos presents a different pattern compared to other species.

Na Amazônia, o município de Barcelos tem se destacado como um dos principais destinos para quem pratica a pesca esportiva. O objetivo do presente estudo foi descrever o perfil socioeconômico e o conhecimento sobre a legislação de pesca esportiva de pilotos-guia da Bacia do Médio Rio Negro, Amazonas. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, utilizando questionários com orientadores (N= 55), no período de janeiro de 2016 a maio de 2019. A média de idade dos orientadores foi de 42 anos, com faixa etária de 40 a 50 anos (39,59%), casados, com ensino fundamental incompleto (40,00%). A principal forma de contrato de serviço foi por temporada (56,00%). Cerca de 56,36% dos guias informaram que não tinham conhecimento da legislação vigente sobre pesca esportiva, a maioria deles nunca havia testemunhado nenhuma abordagem de supervisão (61,82%) pelas autoridades. Para a maioria, a pesca esportiva é uma atividade que causa impactos (49,09%), principalmente para peixes, resultando em lesões (90,91%). Os guias pilotos mostraram baixo nível de conhecimento sobre as leis regulatórias da pesca esportiva, exigindo maior atenção por parte das autoridades, a fim de facilitar o acesso das informações aos guias.

Background The capture of ornamental fish is one of the main economic activities of riverine families in the Amazon. However, studies regarding the local ecological knowledge of workers in this activity are still incipient. In view of this, we have studied and explored the local ecological knowledge of artisanal fishers who specialize in the capture of fish for the aquarium trade in the middle part of the Negro River basin and investigated issues related to the ecological aspects of the fish species that are targeted by this trade in the region. Methods Therefore, we conducted semi-structured interviews and applied questionnaires to artisanal fishers of ornamental fish (N = 89), from the municipality of Barcelos, from January to April 2016. Results In total, 41 popular names were cited, which correspond to four ethnocategories and 10 families. The main species were Paracheirodon axelrodi (12.5%), Hemigrammus bleheri (8.3%), Ancistrus dolichopterus (6.4%), Symphysodon discus (5.3%), and Potamotrygon motoro (3.8%). According to the fishers, the species of fish known in the region as “piabas” have a preference for living in clusters (28.9%) and carry out migratory movements (26.1%). The diet of local fish species reported by fisheries is diverse, though mainly based on periphyton (42.2%), and the reproductive cycle directly influenced by the period of flooding of rivers in the region (37.6%) Conclusion Our study revealed that the fishers possess information on the ecological aspects of local ornamental fish species, many of which are consistent with scientific literature. The information presented may assist in the decision-making process for the management of local fishery resources and contribute to the resumption of growth and sustainability in the capture of ornamental fish.

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