Context: Anterior drawer testing of the ankle is commonly used to diagnose lateral ligamentous instability. Our hypothesis was that changing knee and ankle positions would change the stability of the ankle complex during anterior drawer testing.Objectives: To assess the effects of knee and ankle position on anterior drawer laxity and stiffness of the ankle complex.Design: A repeated-measures design with knee and ankle position as independent variables.Setting: University research laboratory.Patients or Other Participants: Bilateral ankles of 10 female (age 5 19.8 6 1.1 years) and 10 male (age 5 20.8 6 1.2 years) collegiate athletes were tested.Intervention ( Results: Anterior laxity of the ankle complex was maximal with the knee positioned at 906 of flexion and the ankle at 106 of PF when compared with the knee positioned at 06 of flexion and the ankle at 106 or 06 of PF (P , .001), whereas ankle complex stiffness was greatest with the knee positioned at 06 of flexion and the ankle at 06 of PF (P , .009).Conclusions: Anterior drawer testing of the ankle complex with the knee positioned at 906 of flexion and the ankle at 106 of PF produced the most laxity and the least stiffness. These findings indicate that anterior drawer testing with the knee at 906 of flexion and the ankle at 106 of PF may permit better isolation of the ankle capsuloligamentous structures.Key Words: lateral ankle sprains, physical examination Key PointsN Differences in ankle laxity and stiffness during anterior drawer loading of the ankle complex were found in various knee and ankle positions.N Alterations in the passive tension characteristics acting through the Achilles tendon complex and the ankle capsuloligamentous structures should be considered when assessing ankle ligament laxity.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a recreational therapy aquatic intervention on physical and psychosocial performance of breast cancer survivors. Eligible participants were assigned to either a water exercise group or a control group who received standard care treatment for breast cancer. The interventio n group attended aquatic exercise sessions three times per week for eight weeks in a heated outdoor pool. Sessions lasted 50 minutes in duration. The aquatic exercise group significantly improved their endurance, body mass, level of distress, and total score for fatigue. No significant differences occurred in the control group. Social validity responses found that participants believed the exercise sessions improved physical fitness and that they desired to continue the program. Findings suggested that an aquatic exercise program may improve some physical and psychosocial measures among breast cancer survivors. The relatively small sample and quasiexperimental design limited capability of making greater generalizations.

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