We performed whole transcriptome analysis of osteosarcoma bone samples. Initially, we sequenced total RNA from 36 fresh-frozen samples (18 tumoral bone samples and 18 non-tumoral paired samples) matching in pairs for each osteosarcoma patient. We also performed independent gene expression analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples to verify the RNAseq results. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples allowed us to analyze the effect of chemotherapy. Data were analyzed with DESeq2, edgeR and Reactome packages of R. We found 5365 genes expressed differentially between the normal bone and osteosarcoma tissues with an FDR below 0.05, of which 3399 genes were upregulated and 1966 were downregulated. Among those genes, BTNL9, MMP14, ABCA10, ACACB, COL11A1, and PKM2 were expressed differentially with the highest significance between tumor and normal bone. Functional annotation with the reactome identified significant changes in the pathways related to the extracellular matrix degradation and collagen biosynthesis. It was suggested that chemotherapy may induce the modification of ECM with important collagen biosynthesis. Taken together, our results indicate that changes in the degradation of extracellular matrix seem to be an important mechanism of osteosarcoma and efficient chemotherapy induces the genes related to bone formation. Impact statement Osteosarcoma is a rare disease but it is of interest to many scientists all over the world because the current standard treatment still has poor results. We sequenced total RNA from 36 fresh-frozen paired samples (18 tumoral bone samples and 18 non-tumoral paired samples) from osteosarcoma patients. We found that differences in the gene expressions between the normal and affected bones reflected the changes in the regulation of the degradation of collagen and extracellular matrix. We believe that these findings contribute to the understanding of OS and suggest ideas for further studies.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare malignant bone tumor. It affects mostly young persons and has poor outcome with the present treatment. No improvement was observed since the introduction of chemotherapy. The better understanding of osteosarcoma development could indicate better management strategy. Repetitive DNA elements were found to play a role in cancer mechanism especially in epithelial tumors but not yet analyzed in osteosarcoma. We conducted the study to analyse the expression profile of repetitive elements (RE) in osteosarcoma.Methods: Fresh bone paired (tumor and normal bone) samples were obtained from excised parts of tumors of 18 patients with osteosarcoma. We performed sequencing of RNA extracted from 36 samples (18 tumor tissues and 18 normal bone for controls), mapped raw reads to the human genome and identified the REs. EdgeR package was used to analyse the difference in expression of REs between osteosarcoma and normal bone.Results: 82 REs were found differentially expressed (FDR < 0.05) between osteosarcoma and normal bone. Out of all significantly changed REs, 35 were upregulated and 47 were downregulated. HERVs (THE1C-int, LTR5, MER57F and MER87B) and satellite elements (HSATII, ALR-alpha) were the most significantly differential expressed elements between osteosarcoma and normal tissues. These results suggest significant impact of REs in the osteosarcoma. The role of REs should be further studied to understand the mechanism they have in the genesis of osteosarcoma.

Background: Cancer is the second cause of disease-related deaths worldwide. Malnutrition among cancer patients is very common, with an estimated incidence of approximately 40 to 80%. While it is already a proven fact that malnutrition is prevalent among cancer patients, its impact on the quality of life of patients has not been adequately studied, particularly in the local setting. Purpose: To assess quality of life, nutrition status and to determine the affects of nutrition status on quality of life of cancer patients treated chemotherapy at Oncology Department, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. Methods: A cross sectional study with 70 cancer patients admitted for chemotherapy recruited from at oncology department, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital during March to September 2018. The EORTC QLQ-C30 were used to assess quality of life and Subjective Global Assessment scale were used to assess nutrition status. T-test, ANOVA, Mann Whitney, Kruskal Wallis were used to determine the correlation between 2 factors. Pearson and Spearman Coefficient were used to measure the strength of relationship between the factors. Results: Patient’s mean age was 58.93 ± 13.26, males were 61.3%. There were 67.14% patients with SGA A, 14.29% were classified SGA-B (moderately malnourished) and 18.57% were classified SGA C (severely malnourished). The global health scale, the functional scales were in the limit of the EORTC reference value, meanwhile the toxicities -related symptom scales were worse than the EORTC reference value. Patients were statistically different across the Subjective Global Assessment groups according to emotional (p < 0.05), and cognitive functioning (p < 0.05) nausea and vomiting (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study showed that there were the effects of nutrition status on quality of life in patients treated chemotherapy. Key words: Quality of life, nutritional status, cancer, chemotherapy

ackground and Objectives: Nowadays, the incidence of cancer is constantly increasing in the world as well as in Vietnam. The treatment of cancer is based on multimodality principle. Among those principal modalities, chemotherapy is widely used for different purposes such as neoadjuvant, andjuvant and palliation. However, chemotherapy can induce activation of latent infections, including hepatitis B. Vietnam is in the endemic region of hepatitis B so the reactivation of hepatitis B on cancer patients with chemotherapy has emerged a concerned problem. However, few interests were gained on this problem in the aspect of clinical setting or researching. Aims: to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B reactivation (HBV) in cancer patients treating with chemotherapy and to detect some risks factors of this situation. Subjects and methods: descriptive prospective. The study included 33 cancer patients with inactive HBV infection who are treating with chemotherapy. We define HBV reactivation by ALT > 3 ULN and HBV DNA copies > 10 positive control limit. Results: We found 6 patients with reactivated HBV, accounting for 18.18 %. Among reactivated HBV patients, age less than 60 accounts 83,33%. Rate of reactivated HBV in males was 25,00% while this rate in females was 14,28%. Rate of reactivated HBV in lymphoma, lung cancer and breast cancer was 33,33%, 25% và 22,22% respectively. Clinial manifestation of reactivated HBV includes jaundice (33,33%), fulminant hepatic failure (6%) and death (5%). The reactivated rate was higher in patients got high dose of corticoid (28,57%) vs low dose (15,38%). This rate was 29,41% in patients treated with anthracyclines which was higher than in group without anthracyclines. The reactivated rate of HBV was dramatically higher in patients treated with rituximab (75%). Conclusion: the reactivation of hepatitis B on cancer patients with chemotherapy is common. We found 6 patients with reactivated HBV of 33 subjects of the study which accounts 18.18 %. We recognized that reactivated HBV rate was higher subgroups of age < 60 years old, males, patients with lymphoma, lung cancer, breast cancer. Reactivated HBV may be more prevalent in patients with high-dose corticotherapy, anthracyclines and Rituximab. Key words: HBV reactivation, chemotherapy, cancer, hepatitis B

Background: Although lymph-node metastases are common in papillary thyroid cancer, there is considerable debate concerning the use of routine prophylactic lymph-node group VI dissection for all patients undergoing total thyroidectomy. This study was identification the complications and the rate of recurrence of total thyroidectomy plus lymph node group VI dissection in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients. Materials and methods: A prospective study was conducted on 60 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. They underwent total thyroidectomy with or without lymph node group VI dissection. Evaluation of postoperative complications and early recurrence rate /distant metastasis after 2 years. Results: The incident of transient hypoparathyroidism in the grouptotal thyroidectomy with or without lymph node group VI dissection respectively 13.3% and 6.7%. Neck lymph node dissection group VI helps detect 40.9% of cases of metastatic lymph nodes clinically undetectable. Neck lymph node recurrence rate in patients with lymph node group VI dissection is lower than group without dissection (3.3% versus 23.3%). Conclusions: Lymph nodes group VIdissection in preventive treatment of papillary thyroid carcinoma should be done. Key words: PTC, lymph-node group VI dissection