No abstract

Aim: To validate the Turkish versions of the IIQ-7 and UDI-6 for use in Turkish-speaking populations. Methods: After establishing the test-retest reliability and internal consistency in a pilot study, 302 patients were enrolled in the study and general and subscale scores of the questionnaires were calculated. All participants underwent an urodynamic assessment. Results: Both instruments showed a high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha for the IIQ-7 and UDI-6 was 0.87 and 0.74, respectively) and test-retest reliability (Spearman's rho was 0.99 for both of the scales (P < 0.001). 55.6% of the participants showed urodynamic abnormality and/or leakage. 39.7% had urodynamic stress incontinence (USI) and 15.9% had detrussor overactivity (DOA) AE USI. The mean scores of each IIQ-7 and UDI-6 were signi¢cantly higher in the USI, and DOA AE USI groups compared with normal women. Women with DOA AE USI scored highest in the IIQ-7 and UDI-6. The irritative subscale scores of the 1st and 2nd items of the UDI-6 were signi¢cantly higher in the DOA AE USI group. The stress subscale scores of 3rd and 4th items of UDI-6 were signi¢cantly higher in the USI group. Women with postvoid residual (PVR) urine values greater than 50 ml had signi¢-cantly higher obstructive subscale scores compared to the ones who had less residual volumes. Conclusions: TheTurkish translated versions of the IIQ-7 and UDI-6 are reliable, consistent and valid instruments for assessing symptom severity and the impact on QOL in Turkish speaking women with urinary incontinence. Neurourol. Urodynam. 26: 129^133, 2007. ß 2006

As a result of this study, it was determined that last year students had improved attitudes toward the mentally ill; however, they still had striking stigmatizing opinions and judgments. The improvement in the attitude score between the second and the sixth graders is considered a result of the students' contact and interaction with persons having mental disorders throughout their medical education. The challenge is to maintain a social environment that aims to reduce the distance between the patient and the medical staff through introducing a holistic approach in medical schools.

No abstract

No abstract