This report highlights the synthesis of only the second green polymer in the literature, which possesses superior properties over the first: a highly transmissive light blue color in the oxidized state with high optical contrast and excellent switching properties.

This review provides a comprehensive assessment of recent progress in polypyrrole derivatives which are specially designed for electrochromic applications.

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Two new monomers, 2-benzyl-5,12-dihydro-2H-pyrrolo[3 0 ,4 0 :2,3][1,4]dioxocino [6,7-b]quinoxaline (DPOQ) and 5,12-dihydrothieno[3 0 ,4 0 :2,3][1,4]dithiocino[6,7-b]quinoxaline (DTTQ), were synthesized. The chemical structures of the monomers were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and mass spectra. Copolymer of DPOQ with bithiophene (BT) was synthesized via potentiostatic electrochemical polymerization in acetonitrile-tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate solventelectrolyte couple. For DTTQ, copolymerization with bithiophene was achieved via potentiodynamic method in dichloromethane-tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate solvent-electrolyte couple. Characterizations of the resulting copolymers were performed by cyclic voltammetry (CV), FTIR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Four-probe technique was used to measure the conductivities of the samples. Moreover, the spectroelectrochemical and electrochromic properties of the copolymer films were investigated. In addition, dual type polymer electrochromic devices based on P(DPOQ-co-BT) and P(DTTQ-co-BT) with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) were constructed. Spectroelectrochemistry, electrochromic switching and open circuit stability of the devices were studied. They were found to have good switching times, reasonable contrasts and optical memories.

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