No abstract

Sociodemographic features, body mass index, smoking status, concomitant diseases, income rates, and BCG vaccination status of subjects were analyzed in 123 patients diagnosed with COVID‐19 pneumonia in a state hospital in Istanbul, Turkey. BCG vaccination is not associated with disease severity in COVID‐19 pneumonia. Age and low income are the main determinants of severe COVID‐19 pneumonia.

A 53-year old male applied to the emergency room with complaints of generalized pruritus and rush which continued for about 48 hours. He had no previous history of atopic conditions including drug or food allergy, chronic urticaria etc. He had quitted smoking 10 years ago after smoking 20 pack.years of cigarette. He had a history of being abroad 10 days ago. Body temperature was 36.6 °C, heart rate was 80 bpm, blood pressure was 110/70 mmHg, oxygen saturation breathing room air was 98%. Physical examination revealed edematous and itchy plaques throughout the body (Figure 1). Any other abnormal finding was not recorded in This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Tipografinin çoğu zaman birincil amacı olan okutmaktan çıkarak görsel öge olarak kullanımı günümüzde oldukça yaygındır. Bunun yanı sıra teknolojideki gelişmelerin etkileri tipografik çalışmalara da yansımıştır. Yeni yazılımlar (3B programlar ve hareketlendirme programları vb.), çeşitli ortamlar (dizüstü bilgisayarlar, tabletler, akıllı telefonlar, akıllı televizyonlar vb.) ve deneysel çalışmalar sayesinde daha etkili ifade biçimleri yaratabilmektedir. Tipografinin hareketlendirilmesi ile yaratıcı görsellikler ve yenilikçi çalışmalar üretilir hale gelmiştir. Bu kullanım tarzı etkileyici tasarımlar ortaya çıkarmakta önemli bir güce sahiptir. Gelinen bu teknolojik aşamada yaygınlaşmaya başlayan üç boyutlu kinetik tipografi uygulamalarının bir çoklu ortam ürünü olarak nasıl tasarlandığının ve üretildiğinin incelenmesi günün ve geleceğin iletişim beklentilerini karşılamaya yönelik bir çaba için gereklidir. Bu çalışmada üç boyutlu kinetik tipografi'nin kullanım alanları ve önemli örnekleri incelenmiş, elde edilen veriler ve çıkarımlar ışığında yeni ifade biçimlerinin etkileri ortaya konulmuştur. The various uses of typography are quite common today. Typography is often used as a visual element, out of the primary purpose of reading. The effects of the developments in technology were reflected in typographic studies, new and effective expression forms could be created with new software enviroments (3D programs and animation programs etc.), new media (laptop computers, tablets, smartphones, smart TVs etc) and new experimental works. With moving of typography, creative visualizations and innovative designs have become producible. This usage of style has a considerable strength in revealing impressive design. In today's technological stage for an effort to meet with the communication expectations of the day and future, examination of how the three-dimensional kinetic typography studies, that have become widespread has been designed and produced as a multimedia product, is necessary. In this study, the application areas and important examples of three-dimensional kinetic typography are examined, in the light of the obtained data and inferences the effects of new expression ways are presented.

Objective: We aimed this study, investigated the changes in pre-and post-treatment hematological parameters, liver and kidney function parameters in children that were diagnosed with epilepsy and initiated on levetiracetam (LEV) therapy. Material and Methods:The study population consisted of 114 children (6-18 years) had normal growth percentiles, that were treated for new-onset epilepsy with LEV monotherapy. In each patient, hematological parameters, B12, ferritin, liver and kidney function parameters were measured before and one/three years after the initiation of the therapy. Results:The hemoglobin (Hgb) and hematocrit (Htc) levels showed a significant increase and the absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC) (p=0.000), monocyte percentage (p=0.032), and mean platelet volume (MPV) (p=0.000) levelsshowed a significant decrease. The ALC levels decreased significantly in 6 (5.3%) children. The mean drug dose at three years of treatment was 30.0±5.6 mg/kg/day. No significant difference was found between preand post-treatment platelet (PLT) counts and no significant correlation was found between gender and hematological parameters (p>0.05 for both). Conclusion:Although LEV monotherapy led to changes in the hematological parameters of the epilepsy patients, no significant change was observed in liver function. We suggest that when evaluating the hematological parameters in children with epilepsy, the community's predisposition should be considered and also children should be examined for iron deficiency and vitamin B12 deficiency anemia before initiating the LEV therapy. It was also revealed that long-term LEV monotherapy is a safe treatment in children with epilepsy.