A B S T R A C T Recent advances in the processing technology are permitting the manufacture of novel metallic materials with superior fatigue properties via microstructure tailoring. In the light of these promising developments, there is a rising need for establishing a synergy between state-of-the-art experimental characterizations and physically based theoretical underpinnings. A revisit to the existing predictive literature is thus a timely requirement prior to furthering new design guidelines against cyclic damage. To that end, this paper recounts an overview of the key mechanistic and analytical theories on the fatigue crack growth mechanisms. Emphasis is placed on categorizing the proposed modelling endeavours based on their fundamental principles. In doing so, contributions and limitations thereof are carefully examined on the basis of most updated experimental revelations. The objective is to provide a perspective to the current generation of engineers and researchers alike. This concise yet critical narrative would essentially assist in formulating even more advanced microstructure-damage relationships in the modern context. A commentary is added at the end outlining the promising avenues for future research.CTOD, FCG = crack tip opening displacement, fatigue crack growth MD, DFT = molecular dynamics, density functional theory RVE = representative volume element LEFM, EPFM = linear elastic and elastic plastic fracture mechanics E, H = Young's modulus, plastic modulus GB = grain boundary K max , K min , K open , = maximum, minimum and opening stress-intensity factors K c = fracture toughness under mode I loading ΔK eff th , ΔK th = (effective) threshold stress intensity factor range da/dN = fatigue crack growth rate per cycle (a is the crack length and N is the number of cycles) L deflect , θ deflect = length and angle of a deflected crack respectively θ = angle between slip and crack paths σ yield , σ cyclic yield , σ fracture = monotonic, cyclic yields strengths and static fracture strength σ ′ f , ε ′ f = strength and ductility coefficient in Coffin-Manson-Basquin rule: Δε plastic ¼ 2ε ′ f 2N f ð Þ c σ eff , σ hydro = effective and hydrostatic stress ρ * = effective radius of a sharp crack ρ slip , _ ρ vacancy , ρ interface = dislocation density, vacancy generation rate and interface density P H 2 , P O 2 = partial pressures of hydrogen and oxygen m, C = Paris exponent, Paris proportionality constant m Schmid = Schmid factor τ friction , τ forward friction , τ reverse friction = friction (Peierls) stress for free (unobstructed), forward and reverse dislocation glide

No abstract

No abstract

Performance degradation in shape memory alloys (SMA) arises due to a gradual loss of strain recoverability attributable to slip mediated plasticity. The slip-induced changes in SMAs can be profound creating accumulation of permanent strains, altering the critical stress and hysteresis in an adverse manner. Slip nucleation in ordered SMA lattices can often be triggered due to energetically favorable dissociation reactions. Partial slip can dominate over full slip, generating planar defects (e.g. anti-phase boundary, superlattice or complex stacking faults) as evidenced through electron microscopy. Considerable advances are made lately on physically rationalizing the observed plastic micromechanism(s) benefitting from quantum mechanical models. In-depth analyses of crystal variables (e.g. lattice ordering, atomic stacking and stable/metastable fault structures) subjected to intrinsic solid-state effects have unequivocally established the genesis of empirical slipping propensity in terms of atomic fault energetics. This article systematically revisits the empirical physical evidence of slip in important SMAs from the literature, presents the pertinent experimental findings, and then embarks on reviewing the

No abstract