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The influence of the topographic morphology of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) films on human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) was investigated in this study. PHBHHx films with various surface characteristics were prepared by compression-molding, solvent-casting and electrospinning. The adhesion, proliferation and differentiation behaviors of hMSCs were significantly modulated by the surface characteristics of these films. HMSCs could aggregate and form cellular clusters on the cast PHBHHx films, and the time to form cellular aggregates increased as the surface roughness increased. The aggregated hMSCs on the cast films kept their original surface markers and presented much higher viability during the regular culture and lower differentiation ability upon osteogenic induction than the spread cells on the compression-molded films and TCPS. HMSCs spread well and showed a specific orientation on the surface of the random electrospun fibrous films, they were not able to migrate into the interior of electrospun fibrous films, and they revealed the highest viability during the regular culture but a lower differentiation activity upon osteogenic induction. The electrospun fibrous PHBHHx films could serve as a suitable substrate for large quantity culturing of hMSCs when undifferentiated hMSCs are desired.

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a newer family of biomaterials for tissue-engineering applications. The objective of this study is to investigate the behavior of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) grown on various PHA films. The surface characteristics of PHA co-polymer films were varied by the content of 3-hydroxyvalerate (HV) or 3-hydroxyhexanoate (HHx) and by the film preparation methods such as compression-molding and solvent-casting. Hyaluronic acid (HA) was further applied to modify the surface properties of PHA membranes. As HV content increased, the crystallinity and the hydrophobicity of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) membranes decreased and the metabolic activity of hMSCs raised, although the distribution and morphology of hMSCs did not show significant variation. Hyaluronic acid (HA) coating on PHA membranes could improve the metabolic activity and reduce the death rate of hMSCs. Aggregates and spheroidal clusters of hMSCs were found on the surface of cast poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) membranes. The growth of hMSCs was remarkably influenced by various surface characteristics of the PHA films.

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