Our findings provide evidence for the popular use of the stem bark of Dilodendrum bipinnatum in inflammation. Its anti-inflammatory action was due, at least in part, to the inhibition of cell migration, of the inflammatory mediators and Th1 cytokines and an increase in Th2 cytokines, without affecting NO pathway. It can be suggested that tannins account at least in part for the anti-inflammatory activity of HEDb.

Costus spiralis (Costaceae) is a species native to the Amazon region and is used in traditional medicine. The endophytic fungi used in this study were obtained from leaves of this plant. 13 strains were selected to obtain hydroethanolic extracts and were submitted to hydroalcoholic extraction and evaluated for antioxidant activity by DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazil) and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power), and all of the fungi had positive results. The antimicrobial action of crude extracts had a good range of activities. All extracts had inhibitory activities against the yeasts of Candida albicans and C. parapsilosis, with 125 to 500 μg/mL MIC. Eight extracts had antimicrobial activities against Bacillus subtilis (MIC from 62.4 to 125 μg/mL), 5 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC from 125 to 500 μg/mL), 2 against Salmonella enterica (MIC from 125 to 62.5 μg/mL), and 2 against Enterococcus faecalis (MIC from 500 to 125 μg/mL). The presence of secondary metabolites, including coumarins, was observed during chemical evaluation by thin layer chromatography. Total phenol content was estimated, and a strong positive correlation to antioxidant activity was observed, according to its Pearson coefficient. This is the first report of the bioactive potential of endophytic fungi isolated from the Costaceae family in Brazilian ecosystems.

Fungos endofíticos habitam o interior das plantas sem causar-lhe danos, sendo encontrados em órgãos e tecidos vegetais como folhas e ramos. Os pressupostos da interação endófito-planta hospedeira sugerem que as propriedades terapêuticas podem estar no fungo e não na planta ou, provavelmente, na interação entre ambos; por isso é crescente o interesse por endófitos de plantas medicinais. A bactéria grampositiva Streptococcus pneumoniae e a gram-negativa Klebsiella pneumoniae são bactérias patogênicas importantes, já que atuam como agentes de infecções, incluindo doenças respiratórias e infecções hospitalares. Este trabalho teve como objetivo a obtenção de compostos voláteis de fungos endofíticos isolados da planta medicinal Costus spiralis (jacq) Roscoe (Costaceae) e a avaliação antibacteriana dos mesmos contra S. pneumoniae e K. pneumoniae. O teste de verificação de substâncias voláteis foi realizado utilizando placas de Petri com remoção da faixa do ágar da porção central, a fim de evitar o efeito de difusão. Foi inoculado, em lados opostos da placa, o endofítico e o patógeno e as placas foram seladas com parafilme. Os controles negativos foram realizados com a inoculação de cada patógeno no meio de cultura sem o antagonista, sendo que não foi constatada a inibição do crescimento dos patógenos incubados na presença do endofítico teste, comparando-se com o controle. Desse modo, a descoberta de novos antibióticos se faz importante devido o aparecimento de patógenos resistentes, bem como a evolução de novas doenças e a toxicidade de medicamentos que já existem. Document Object Identifier10.18067/jbfs.v2i4.60 Termos de indexação:Klebsiella pneumoniae Streptococcus pneumoniae planta medicinal *Autor para correspondência deyzeas@gmail.com Volatile compounds detection with antibacterial activity in endophytic fungi associated withCostus spiralis ABSTRACT-Endophytic fungi that live inside plants, for instance, in organs and plant tissues such as leaves and branches, without causing any harm. Assumptions of interactions between endophytic fungi and host plants suggest that therapeutic properties may be in the fungi and not on the plant or, probably, in the interaction amid them. Due to this, the interest in endophytic fungi from medicinal plants has increased. The gram-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae and gram-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae are important pathogenic bacteria, acting as infectious agents and causing respiratory diseases and hospital infections. This study aimed to obtain volatile compounds from endophytic fungi, which were isolated from medicinal plant Costus spiralis (jacq) Roscoe (Costaceae) and perform an antibacterial evaluation of them against S. pneumoniae and K. pneumoniae. The test to verify volatile substances was realized using Petri dishes without agar in the central portion, in order to prevent the diffusion effect. The endophytic fungus and the pathogen were inoculated on opposite sides of the plate that were sealed with parafilm. Negative controls were performed with each pathogen inoculatio...