Introduction:Epilepsy is a serious neurological disorder. Lamotrigine is an alternative to lithium for the treatment of epilepsy, and its oral bioavailability is 98%; however, its poor aqueous solubility hinders its oral absorption. Among the techniques available to enhance the solubility, dissolution rate and bio availability of poorly soluble drugs, liqui-solid technique is a novel and promising approach. The objectives of the investigation are to formulate, optimize lamotrigine liqui-solid compacts using 23 factorial experiments, validate experimental designs statistically and to compare with the marketed tablets using similarity and difference factors.Materials and Methods:Based on solubility studies tween 20 as nonvolatile liquid, avicel pH 101 as a carrier and aerosil 200 as a coating material were used. Liquid load factor other flow and compression characteristics were determined for different ratios of carrier and coat materials. Suitable quantities of carrier and coat materials were taken, according to the experimental designs other excipients were added, liqui-solid tablets were prepared by direct compression and evaluated. Drug excipient compatibility was determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The hardness, disintegration time and T75% were considered for validation of experimental designs.Results:The physicochemical properties of tablets such as hardness (1.5 ± 0.8–4.95 ± 0.96 kg), in vitro disintegration time (40 ± 20–320 ± 25 s) and Friability (0.39 ± 0.5–1.45 ± 0.2% also <1%) possess all the Indian pharmacopoeal requirements. The T75% was calculated and found to be 6.62–22.8 min. The rate of drug release followed first order kinetics. f1 and f2 values indicated the similarity in dissolution profiles between marketed and the optimized formulation and 63.64% similar with that of the marketed fast disintegrating tablets. FTIR studies revealed the absence of drug excipient incompatibility.

and it eventually selected 80 pregnant women for the final experiment. Those pregnant women who had preeclampsia, intrahepatic cholestasis during pregnancy, placenta previa or chorioamnionitis were more likely to experience pre-term birth. A patient interview was conducted in a detailed manner and all the necessary information regarding the mother and the infant were collected to carry out the study. Among 80 patients, collected the highest number of 39 cases i.e. 49% in between the age group of 17-23 years and the least number of cases therefore 19 i.e. 24% in between the age group of 35-45 years. We studied that maternal variable such as social status and educational status also impacts deliveries. Alcoholics had the highest number of very pre-term deliveries i.e., 36.25%. And among undergraduates, moderate preterm deliveries were a predominant number, i.e. 38.75%. Among the cases collected, 22.5% of women who have previous abortions had the highest number of preterm births with 31 cases and 5% of women with thyroid had the least number of pre-term births. 41% of preemie births were observed in the gestational gap of < 18 months, while 24% were recorded in > 30 months. In between two types of deliveries, 69% of preemie births were observed in the cesarean section and normal delivery includes 31%. The results of our study reveal that there is a need to assess the causes and complications among pregnant women who are at risk of delivering a premature baby. We have concluded that counseling the patients about their risk factors is necessary, and the patients should be told that harmful social habits will have a huge impact on their baby, before or after the delivery.

The study aimed to assess established and non-established risk factors and drug therapy problems in the cardiology department and perform a Prospective Observational Study. The study was conducted for a period of 6 months from September 2019 to February 2020 in 200 patients with established heart diseases attending a tertiary care hospital in the cardiology department. A patient interview was conducted using an evaluation form. Among 100 patients with established cardiovascular diseases that were engaged in this study, a high number of patients were males and the majority of the patients were in the age group 'Between' 41-60 years. This study shows smoking and alcohol consumption is the most common risk factors in males, hypertension was the mainly 'established' risk factor for cardiovascular disease followed by Angina and Myocardial infarction. Among non-established risk factors, CKD was the main risk factor in cardiovascular disease followed by cardiovascular accidents. ACE Inhibitors and BB are the drugs mainly used in cardiovascular diseases followed by statins and diuretics. This study throws light on the statistical evidence among the age group and gender risk factors, and drug utilization. In the course of this study use of drug pattern was as follows: Anticoagulants are used in (29%) patients, ACE in (22.5%) patients, Antiplatelets in (68%) patients, diuretic in (34%) patients, Statins in (57%) patients, BB in (67.5%) patients, PPI in (22%) patients, CCB in (19.5%) patients, Nitrates (26.5%) patients, OHA (25%) patients. Similar findings in other studies (Blessy Rachel Thomas) (26) on drug therapy usage were found. There is a need to assess both nonestablished and established risk factors among patients with established heart diseases as in this study, CKD and HTN were the most common peril and counsel patients about their risk factors and social habits and lifestyle changes. There is a need for a clinical pharmacist to counsel about lifestyle changes and assess drug therapy utilization patterns in cardiac patients.

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An ischemic stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted or reduced, preventing brain tissue from getting oxygen and nutrients. Brain cells begin to die in minutes. Ischemic stroke can be treated by using Antiplatelet drug such as aspirin as an immediate treatment which may prevent blood clots and improve recovery after stroke. Glycerol is also used as it decreases the edema in ischemic stroke. The aim of the present investigation is to develop a novel formulation of oil in Glycerol emulsion comprising aspirin in the treatment of ischemic stroke and in vitro evaluation. The oil in glycerol emulsion was prepared by high shear homogenization and prepared emulsions were evaluated for particle size, drug content, in vitro drug release and stability. Based on log P values of aspirin, olive oil is selected as oil phase and tween 80 was used as emulsifying agent. Total 10 formulations F1to F10 were prepared and among these, in F1-F6 phase separation was observed within 24 hrs whereas F8 to F10 were stable for one week and later creaming was observed and it is re-dispersible. The particle size was determined by optical microscopy and the average particle size for F8, F9 and F10 were 6.04, 3.38 and 7.8 µm respectively. Drug content was determined as 68±3.95%,108±5.816%, 103±4.61% respectively in compositions F8, F9 and F10. Rate of drug release followed first order kinetics and an immediate burst release effect was observed within 15 minutes. It is concluded that olive oil and glycerol emulsions containing aspirin is prepared successfully and evaluated. It is a promising formulation approach for co administration of aspirin and glycerol in the treatment of ischemic stroke. The formulations were physically and chemically stable. In vivo application of this formulation will be done in suitable animal models in future.