No abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be damaging to any biological system when their levels exceed those of antioxidants. ROS has both positive and negative effects. An imbalance of antioxidants and reactive oxygen species leads to oxidative stress (OS) (ROS. OS, which is more prevalent in elderly persons, is the cause of retinal diseases. Any damage to the retina that results in a reduction in visual acuity is referred to as retinopathy. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), DR, and other retinal degenerative illnesses are caused by low antioxidant levels. Due to the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids and photooxidative damage, the retina is especially vulnerable to OS. In vitro and in vivo antioxidant alterations in the retinal pigment epithelium were also noted. The fundamental mechanism must be understood since either OS causes retinopathies or the sickness creates stressful conditions in tissue or cells. We aimed to summarize the latest relationship between lipid peroxidation and retinopathies in the current review article.