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The preparation of Co3O4 nanoparticles using thermal decomposition and their characterization by various physicochemical studies is being reported here. The focus is on the use of pectin as a capping/stabilizing agent and heading the methodology towards greener pathway, single pot and cost effective technique. The characterizations were done by using UV-Visible, FTIR, SEM, TEM and XRD analysis which confirmed the formation of nanoparticles. The FTIR spectrum revealed the presence of pectin along with the nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were found to be stable at pH 5.5 as evaluated by their zeta potential analysis. The magnetic measurements (VSM) revealed their ferromagnetic behavior. These nanoparticles indicated effective antimicrobial potency against six different strains of bacteria.