Background: Head and neck neoplasms are the tumours of head and neck region including various subsites in oropharynx, nasopharynx, larynx, upper oesophagus, paranaal sinuses, and ear. Various treatment modalities are available depending on the stage, type, site of tumour. This study was conducted to study the compliance of patients diagnosed with various head and neck neoplasms towards recommended treatment modalities.Methods: 243 patients presenting in the outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in Northern India with positive biopsy for neoplastic pathology, benign and malignant were included in the study for a period of 2 years (January 2018-December 2019). All the patients were counselled and those who complied with the suggested therapeutic modality were further evaluated.Results: Surgical intervention was carried out in 79 subjects with benign and 133 with malignant pathologies. 49 patients among 133 were advised further surgical intervention. 31 patients underwent second surgery. Radio-therapeutic and chemotherapeutic modalities were undertaken in 66 subjects. 39 patients did not comply with treatment and were lost to follow up.Conclusions: Decision making for head and neck neoplasms is extremely important and should be considered after thorough discussion with the patient.

Background: Shortwave diathermy, a therapeutic modality in acute inflammatory conditions of the ear, nose and neck has its utility in the paediatric, adolescent, middle age and the elderly. The seasonal variations of the patients enrolled in physiotherapy clinics for temporo-fascio-cervical diathermy sessions during a 5 years period, were analysed.   Methods: 490 patients with inflammatory pathologies localized to the head and neck region and referred to the physiotherapy unit of a tertiary care centre of Punjab were analysed. All were subjected to shortwave diathermy. The subjects were analysed for any seasonal trends.Results: In the paediatric age group, maximum patients were observed in the month of March over the period of 5 years followed by the month of January. In the adolescent population maximum patients were observed in the month of November over the period of 5 years followed by the month of December. In the Adult population maximum patients were observed in the month of April over the period of 5 years followed by January and August.Conclusion: Paediatric patients came for regular sittings in the end of March end, i.e. post examination vacation period. The elderly visited mostly during winters. Malignant otitis externa with underlying diabetes worsens in winters due to increase in intake of sugary energy drinks.

<p class="abstract">The intra-vascular invasion progressively halts the blood flow in the arterial distributaries and the venous tributaries and finally a “blue black”, wet gangrenous region is noted. Later the underlying bone too becomes fragile and crumbles off. Removal of necrotic debris remains the main stay of management. Removal of foci of infection, the orbital soft tissues utilizing high resolution endoscopic modality is elaborated upon.</p>

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The optic nerve is susceptible to injury during endoscopic surgical intervention in the sphenoethmoidal region.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a retrospective analysis of 157 axial computed tomography sections through the sphenoid sinus of randomly selected cases from the departments of Otorhinolaryngology and Neurosurgery, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana was undertaken during the period 2002 to 2004.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A computed tomographic study of the Onodi cells, of this region was carried out in 157 axial scans. The incidence of Onodi cells was 12.10% with predominance of left sided and indirect type of cells in our study.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Thorough pre-operative evaluation of sphenoethmoidal region optic nerve and extent of pathology is essential to avoid the irreversible complication of optic nerve injury.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>

The wide usage of disc batteries in toys, in the late seventies presented a new problem. In the form of accidental lodgements in the pediatric aerodigestive tract. The physico-chemical nature of the disc battery necessitates an early removal, so as to avoid a fatal outcome if missed and retained for a long duration. Management of one such case is reported with radiographic documentation.