No abstract

Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma is a neoplasm of the minor salivary glands and is malignant in origin but is indolent in nature. Currently, this neoplasm is documented and known as polymorphous adenocarcinoma (PAC) by WHO Classification of Salivary Gland Tumors (2017). Of all the salivary neoplasms, minor salivary gland neoplasm accounts for 9%–23%. Very rarely, it involves major salivary glands such as parotid, submandibular, and sublingual in <5% cases. It may develop either de novo or from pleomorphic adenoma. PAC mimics some benign as well as malignant neoplasms. Histopathological features alone cannot diagnose PAC due to the overlapping features with other neoplasms, and so immunohistochemistry is essential to confirm the diagnosis and hence aids in the proper management of PAC. We report a case of PAC arising from parotid gland in a 52-year-old male treated with facial nerve preservation.

The study of prime numbers and their properties has always been an intriguing and fascinating topic for mathematicians. Primes can be considered the “basic building blocks,” the atoms, of the natural numbers. They play a significant role in number theory. Also, prime numbers, in this current world of computers and digitalization, have paramount significance for the computer programmers and scientists to tackle relevant real-life problems. Since long time, many studies and researches have been conducted regarding prime numbers pattern. In this paper, a squaring prime pattern is presented. Moreover, fifteen different types of primes with their Python code to generate them is included within. In cryptographic encryption system, prime numbers play a major role for security systems in which prime factorization is necessary. Therefore, prime factorization of composite numbers using Sieve of Eratosthenes algorithm on different platforms and time analysis based on that has been presented in the paper. Also, factorization analysis of primes by five different algorithms has been shown and comparison of prime factorization of composite numbers vs time taken graph has been plotted. Two major applications of primes are also covered.