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The electrospinning of nanofibers (NFs) from 2-hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin supramolecular inclusion complexes (150% HPβ-CD, w/v) with vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid [PA]) was achieved without using any carrier polymeric matrix. The presence of PA and the formation of the HPβ-CD/PA inclusion complex within the NFs structure were confirmed by SEM, FTIR, XRD, and TGA analysis. SEM images depicted the bead-free uniform NFs and confirmed the incorporation of HPβ-CD/PA NFs did not alter the fiber morphology having an average fiber diameter of 512 ± 24 nm, 328 ± 18 nm, and 150 ± 19 nm, respectively. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum indicated inclusion complex from the shifting of the peaks of each component in HPβ-CD/PA NFs, whereas XRD pattern revealed that HPβ-CD/PA NFs was achieved due to the formation of a new amorphous structure. TGA studies showed that the stability of PA after HPβ-CD encapsulation was improved. Molecular docking was used to simulate the positions and interactions of the binding sites of the HPβ-CD/PA inclusion complex. The phase solubility test showed enhanced solubility of PA due to the inclusion complexation; in addition, the stoichiometry of HPβ-CD/PA was determined to be 1:1. The release of PA from HPβ-CD/PA NFs prevented the colonization of Escherichia coli (5.0 ± 0.3%) and Staphylococcus aureus (2.0 ± 0.5%) bacteria to a great extent, as observed in the antibacterial activity results. The cell viability of HCT-116 cells treated with 100 μg/mL of HPβ-CD/PA NFs was registered at 97.5 ± 2.1%. It was observed that HPβ-CD/PA NFs had higher anticancer activity compared to pure PA and HPβ-CD due to the solubility increase. In brief, our results suggested that polymer-free HPβ-CD/PA inclusion complex NFs could have potential applications in food, pharmaceuticals, and healthcare thanks to its efficient antibacterial and anticancer activities.

Recently, in India, the marine finfish culture is expanding rapidly without adequate knowledge and research information on the coastal and marine finfish disease epidemics. Therefore, for the benefit of farmers, this study was designed to find the prevalence of Vibriosis outbreaks in marine finfish farms. In this study, 167 moribund fishes that show outward symptoms of lethargy, popeye, pale gills, skin erosions, abdominal edema, and hemorrhagic spots on different parts of the body were collected from 26 marine finfish farms (Lates calcarifer, Rachycentron canadum, and Trachinotus blochii) located in the states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Kerala, India. A total of 173 bacterial isolates were retrieved from all the fish samples, of which 144 isolates demonstrated a Vibrio-like character during biochemical and Vibriostatic 0/129 examinations. The phenotypic, 16s RNA gene sequencing and histopathological analysis confirm that the isolated bacterial strains were Vibriospecies. In the collected fish samples, the total prevalence of Vibrio species was 83.2% and the remaining 16.8% were other bacterial species. Among these bacteria, V. harveyi was the most predominant bacterium (34.1%) that cause infection in all the three fish species whereas Photobacterium damselae was found to be the least (2.9%) one. In the pathogenicity study, the highest mortality of 83% was observed after 168 h, when the seabass fingerling exposure to V. harveyi at 10 6 CFU/ ml, and established similar clinical signs to the disease specimens of farmed fish. The in vitro antibacterial study confirms that the tested probiotic effectively inhibits the V. harveyi at 125 µl (10 8 CFU/ml). The above results inspire further in-depth studies on the probiotic efficacy to control the V. harveyi in finfish farms.