No abstract

Breast cancer continues to be the most frequently occurring cancer in women around the world. For women, the three most commonly diagnosed cancers are breast, lung and bronchus, and colorectal. Representing one-half of all the cases; breast cancer alone is expected to account for 30% all new cancer diagnoses in women. An estimated 41,070 breast cancer deaths will occur in 2017 (Siegel et al., 2017). In India, it is the cancer of breast alone which is expected to cross the figure of 200000 by the year 2021 (Takiar et al., 2010). Based on the stage of diagnosis, breast cancer is treated with a multidisciplinary approach involving surgery, radiation and systemic therapy including chemotherapy or hormonal therapy (Harfindal and Helms, 2006). Surgery alone may increase the chances of relapse so combinations of chemotherapeutic agents are given. The side effects of chemotherapy depend on the individual, the drug used, the schedule and dose used. These side effects can include fatigue, risk of infection, nausea, vomiting, mouth sores, hair loss, anorexia, diarrhea and bone marrow suppression. Hormonal modifiers like Tamoxifen are given in estrogen

Ranolazine is an anti-ischemic drug with glucose lowering effect. Our study scrutinized the effect of ranolazine on Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic cardiomyopathy, emphasizing role of Sarcoplasmic Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ATPase (SERCA) pump. STZ induced diabetic rats showed significant hyperglycaemia with weight loss, hyperlipidaemia, increased cardiovascular risk indices as well as atherogenic index of plasma, Left Ventricular (LV) dysfunction, abnormal electrocardiography (ECG) and elevated cardiac biomarkers (CK-MB, LDH and AST). Twelve weeks ranolazine treatment ameliorated diabetes associated biochemical alterations and LV function along with ECG. The diabetic heart showed increased lipid peroxidation and compromised antioxidant defence mechanism which was reversed by ranolazine treatment. Reduced SERCA expressions were recognised in STZ treated diabetic rats. Ranolazine amplified SERCA expressions thus by regulating intracellular calcium homeostasis and keeping diabetic cardiomyopathy at bay. Ranolazine also prevented histological alterations in the heart and pancreas. Our results may open novel avenues for designing treatment strategies using ranolazine against diabetic cardiomyopathy.