The aim of the present study is to analyze brand resonance measures to assess reliability, dimensionality and validity using existing models of brand resonance. This study is based on a mixed approach of research methodology, using qualitative and quantitative methods. In the qualitative approach, we use expert interview and focus group discussion tools. In the quantitative approach, a corporate survey was conducted and 560 responses were collected through a structured questionnaire. The analysis is performed using statistical scaling tools such as Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). This study initiated scale extraction and operationalization processes for 72 observed variables to measure nine latent variables and obtained 34 statistically extracted observed variables. The study provides a reliable and validated means to measure brand resonance constructs. The study develops a brand resonance scale, which can help brand managers to measure consumers’ levels of brand resonance, in order to describe the strength of the bond of their consumer with their brand(s). This study develops empirically extracted measures of brand resonance, making it distinctive in the branding literature. The study also ensures all important aspects of measurement scale, such as validity and reliability.

Purpose This paper aims to examine the mediating role of brand satisfaction and brand trust in brand equity antecedents and outcomes through an empirical investigation of brand equity elements. Design/methodology/approach A survey was conducted in Pune and Mumbai, two prominent cities of India. A structured questionnaire focussed on garnering responses on measuring brand equity antecedents and outcomes was circulated to the cell phone users. The questionnaire aimed to assess the role of two additional variables, namely, brand satisfaction and brand trust, in the existing and the conceptual model of brand equity (Keller, 2001). Based on the data analysis, a structural equations path and the mediating model were developed. Findings The findings of this study show that the new brand equity model is highly relevant in predicting brand equity as compared to the existing brand equity model (Keller, 2001). The brand equity mediation model clearly elucidates the role of brand trust and brand satisfaction. Research limitations/implications With reference to a theoretical contribution, the study broadens the existing hypothetical model of brand equity. The findings of this research provide a strategic and analytical model for brand managers to build brand relationships among their consumers. Originality/value The present study challenges the existing model of brand equity (Keller, 2001) and further makes an effort to fill in the gaps in the existing theoretical model of brand equity.

PurposeAs skills need to be changed in a dynamic learning environment, employability depends not just on what people already know but on how well they learn, apply and adapt breaking out their comfort zone. This study explores how students from all backgrounds and teachers can engage with inclusive education without discrimination through pedagogy. The research provides a platform through implication for other international readers of developing countries to implement pedagogies of the Indian context.Design/methodology/approachThis archival research focuses on the topical literature to scrutinize efficient ways to elevate the realization of all learners in inclusive settings. What inclusive pedagogy teaching approaches, focusing on the key competences and sustains learning which are effectual in elevating the academic success of all novices.FindingsEducators need to develop their skills and competency by breaking their comfort zone, and individual recital of every faculty affiliate is a decisive feature in accomplishing quality for inclusive education. An education institution also needs to provide passable facilities to academicians and students in order to adapt and utilize technology efficiently without any discrimination. This is an important method of assisting educators to recognize and investigate using this epistemology in new innovative inclusive teaching pedagogy with technologies in industry 4.0.Research limitations/implicationsThe study momentarily suggests an innovative pedagogy approach for stakeholders and users to be adapted in current digital arena.Originality/valueReview of the concepts can provide valuable pointers for policy makers in other jurisdictions contemplating inclusive education. The issues that are dealt with relate to how all students with and without disability can be engaged in a classroom without discrimination, and development is incentivized using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in teaching pedagogy.

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