Jams are delicious and nutritious spreads typically made from fruit, sugar and pectin that ensure availability of fruits in off-season. The study aimed to develop papaya-gooseberry jam and to evaluate sensory and nutritional parameters. Six variations of papaya: gooseberry jam was prepared besides the control T0 (100% papaya). The successive variations were T1 (95:5), T2 (90:10), T3 (85:15), T4 (80:20), T5 (75:25) and T6 (70:30). T-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were applied to find the significant difference in sensory and nutritional parameters in different variations. Among different variations, the treatment (T4) was found to be the best on the basis of sensory evaluation with incorporation levels of 80 percent papaya and 20 percent gooseberry. The identified treatment (T4) was analyzed for nutritional composition in comparison to control (T0). Nutritional analysis showed that treatment (T0) contained maximum energy (353 Kcal/100g), protein (0.50 g/100g), carbohydrate (87.14 g/100g), fat (0.19 g/100g) and beta-carotene (195.0 g/100g) whereas the treatment (T4) was found to be high in nutrients such as fiber (1.32 g/100g), calcium (92.0 mg/100g), phosphorus (14.13 mg/100g), vitamin C (19.16 mg/100g) and antioxidant activity (98.0%). Thus, results signified that treatment (T4) was considered best in sensory and nutritional qualities and gooseberry could be successfully incorporated in fruit jams to enhance the nutritional properties of the food products.

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Medicinal plants are a boon for disease. Nature has provided a rich botanical wealth with diverse plantation in different parts of India. Medicinal plants are useful for human ailments because of the presence of bioactive constituents or phytochemicals which are secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, saponin, glycosides, lactones, steroids etc. Due to the rapid extension of side effects of allopathic medicines, Herbal medicines are becoming popular day by day as Herbal drugs are safe, cheaper and easily available with therapeutic properties. In Nimar region of Madhya Pradesh, lots of common medicinal plants are available that are used by Nimari people and tribes as remedy to cure diseases. Nimar is the south western region of Madhya Pradesh state in west central India. The present paper provides information on 52 medicinal plants of Nimar area.

Background Every year millions of young people between the ages of 10 and 24 years in central Asia and Africa migrate to urban areas in search of better opportunities. Common factors driving youth migration include environmental degradation, war and conflict, and lack of economic opportunity and poverty. In collaboration with the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), our aim was to study the effect of migration on the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs of youth in Nairobi, Cairo, Beirut, and Tunis through the development of technological solutions for data collection and identification of youth most vulnerable to SRH issues. MethodsWe designed a web application useful for both migrants and researchers that contains a 27-question survey to collect migrant data on basic profile metrics such as their geographical journey and their sexual relations. This data can be used to inform the UNFPA's service, delivery, and policy efforts. The website also features a geographical healthcare centres map and safety tips for migrants. Additionally, we artificially created a dataset of 1000 migrant profiles to train a machine learning model to predict SRH vulnerabilities in young people.Findings The neural network model and the support vector machines algorithm demonstrated high accuracies of 0•92 and 0•90 respectively in predicting the most vulnerable youth. We optimised our algorithm to minimise falsenegatives, even at the cost of a few false-positives.Interpretation Our results provide an opportunity to identify vulnerable youth for local officials to potentially reach out to in order to prevent SRH issues and to understand how such vulnerabilities might stem from their environmental and structural migration factors. Furthermore, researchers can investigate based on data collected from the web application how overcrowding of migrants in urban areas outstrips the areas of resources to further compromise the SRH health of the migrants.