No abstract

Computed tomography (CT) scans have great medical value since it helps clinicians determine clinical staging and surgical range. In offline storage and remote diagnosis, a significant number of CT scan pictures necessitate a huge quantity of storage space and transmission capacity in the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS). As a result, in high-quality MRI images, compression is research-oriented. Present compression techniques for CT-scanned images with an increased compression ratio result in data loss on lesions, which may lead to misdiagnosis; compression approaches for CTscanned images and also MRI images with a low compression ratio do not realize the desired effect. As a result, rapid fractalbased image compression in a variety of areas like DWT, DCT, etc. has been reviewed in this paper and its applications in further domains have been discussed.

Nuchal translucency (NT) measurement between 11- and 14-weeks’ gestation is an established and consistently performing marker for chromosomal abnormalities, including trisomy 21. Even in the absence of aneuploidy in the event of normal conventional karyotyping or microarray analysis, increased NT is prognosticative of adverse pregnancy outcome, because it is associated with miscarriages, congenital heart defects, several fetal malformations, many genetic syndromes, skeletal dysplasia’s, intrauterine death; the majority of these structural anomalies are undetectable before birth. The parents should be reassured that in the absence of any abnormality detected the fetus will have a normal uneventful outcome and postnatal development when compared to the general population outcome.