[reaction: see text] An unusually bridged epidithiodiketopiperazine, pretrichodermamide A (3), was isolated from the fungus Trichoderma sp. BCC 5926. During the extensive effort to crystallize 3 for X-ray crystallographic analysis, conversion of this compound to trichodermamide A with coproduction of S(8) occurred.

Vertihemipterin A, the ascochlorin glycoside, and its aglycone, 4',5'-dihydro-4'hydroxyascochlorin, were isolated from the insect pathogenic fungus Verticillium hemipterigenum BCC 2370. A new analog, 8'-hydroxyascochlorin, and five known compounds,

A new preussomerin isomer, 3'-O-demethylpreussomerin I, five known preussomerins E - I, and two known deoxypreussomerins, deoxypreussomerin A and bipendensin (palmarumycin C11), were isolated from a lichenicolous fungus Microsphaeropsis sp. BCC 3050. These structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, especially 1D- and 2D-NMR. The preussomerins were evaluated for their antimycobacterial and antiplasmodial activities as well as cytotoxicity against KB, BC-1 and vero cell lines.

The known phenanthrenone trigonostemone (1), along with a new phenanthrenone, 9-O-demethyltrigonostemone (2), and two new phenanthropolones, 3,6,9-trimethoxyphenanthropolone (3) and 4,6,9-trimethoxyphenanthropolone (4), were isolated from the roots of Strophioblachia fimbricalyx. Compound 2 showed cytotoxicity against NCI-H187, KB, and MCF7 cancer cells with IC50 values of 0.8, 0.8, and 2.9 microg/mL, respectively, while 3 and 4 showed reduced cytotoxicity. Compounds 2 and 3 displayed antiplasmodial activity in vitro (IC50 values of 2.7 and 3.2 microg/mL, respectively) against Plasmodium falciparum (K1, resistant strain). In addition, the antioxidant activity of 1-4 toward DPPH radicals was determined, but only compound 2 showed any discernible activity.