The head-on collision of ion acoustic solitary waves in a three-component unmagnetized plasma with cold ions, Boltzmann distributed positrons, and superthermal electrons is investigated using the extended Poincaré–Lighthill–Kuo method. The effects of the ratio of electron temperature to positron temperature, the spectral index, κ, of the electron kappa distribution, and fractional concentration of positron component (p) on the phase shift are studied. It is found that the presence of superthermal electrons play a significant role on the collision of ion acoustic solitary waves.

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The head-on collision of ion acoustic solitary waves (IASWs) in two component plasma comprising nonextensive distributed electrons is investigated. Two opposite directional Kortewg-de-vries (KdV) equations are derived and the phase shift due to collision is obtained using the extended version of Poincaré-Lighthill-Kuo method. Different ranges of nonextensive parameter q are considered and their effects on phase shifts are observed. It is found that the presence of nonextensive distributed electrons plays a significant role on the nature of collision of ion acoustic solitary waves.

Nonlinear propagation of quantum ion-acoustic waves (QIAWs) in a dense quantum plasma whose constituents are electrons, positrons, and positive ions is investigated using a quantum hydrodynamic model. The standard reductive perturbation technique is used to derive the Korteweg–de Vries–Burger (KdVB) equation for QIAWs. It is shown by numerical simulation that the KdVB equation has either oscillatory or monotonic shock wave solutions depending on the system parameters H proportional to quantum diffraction, μi the effect of ion kinematic viscosity, and μ the equilibrium electron to ion density ratio. The results may have relevance in dense astrophysical plasmas (such as neutron stars) as well as in intense laser solid density plasma experiments where the particle density is about 1025−1028m−3.

The head-on collision of dust acoustic solitary waves in a four-component unmagnetized dusty plasma with Boltzmann distributed electrons, nonthermal ions, and negatively charged dust grains as well as positively charged dust grains is investigated using the extended Poincaré-Lighthill-Kuo method. The effects of the ratio of electron temperature to ion temperature and the ratio of the positively charged dust grains mass to the negatively charged dust grains mass on the phase shift are studied. It is found that the presence of nonthermal ions plays a significant role on the collision of dust acoustic solitary waves. This study would be useful for investigations of plasma behavior in different regions of space, viz., cometary tails, upper and lower mesosphere, Jupiter’s magnetosphere, etc.