The Swachh Bharat Mission undertaken by the Government of India (GoI) has been successful in accomplishing this objective within a short period thereby catalyzing governance following Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It is the responsibility of any democratic nation to ensure that its citizens have universal access to adequate and equitable sanitation. The key approach adapted to igniting a change in sanitation behavior rather than constructing toilets. An effort has been made in the study to affirm that even the marginalized sections of the society residing in tribal communities of West Bengal and Chhattisgarh have benefitted from this Government of India Mission and derived the required benefits. There is enough literature available to support the justification that civil participation holds the key for successful implementation of CLTS thereby making the communities open defecation free (ODF). It is therefore imperative to understand the behavioral transformation that takes place during the CLTS implementation. A hybrid model has been proposed in the study making use of the theory of reasoned action (TRA) and theory of planned behavior (TPB) to understand the pre-adoption and post-adoption behavior of residents. In present study, used model was empirically tested for several hypotheses. The finding reflects towards subjective norms and facilitating conditions as major determinants that ensure the continuation of intention for CLTS. They play a pivotal role in improving the health and hygiene conditions in the region and thus decrease the risk of spread of epidemic diseases.

The Swachh Bharat Mission has been successful in improving the sanitation condition across the nation in a very short span of time. The key approach adopted by the Government of India (GOI) was primarily Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) also termed as Community Approached to Total Sanitation (CATS). This paper attempts to identify the key drivers behind collective behaviour change of the tribal communities in Dantewada district of Chhattisgarh. In the study 102 respondents were selected randomly and interviewed across different open defecation free (ODF) villages through a questionnaire. The data was then analysed through SPSS which reveals that Supportive Environment, Institutional and Social Support, Personal Necessity, Issues with Open Defecation, Enhanced Awareness and Social Enforcement are the key drivers in improving the sanitation condition and making the district open defecation free. The study has practical policy implications which can help the implementing bodies to work for this cause more effectively.