Learning a new language entails various challenges, one of these is grasping the vocabulary of the language. A significant way to tackle the problem is to motivate students to become independent learners during the progression of second language (L2) vocabulary learning. Thus, this study intended to explore the use of different vocabulary learning strategies among adult English as foreign language learners and investigated the various vocabulary learning strategies and found the benefits and drawbacks associated with each strategy. It was able to select the most frequently and least frequently used VLSs by learners who have completed the language program and those who are continuing the course. Further, it found effective strategies that could be used in teaching vocabulary to students. The research used a quantitative method approach with 53 participants who were EFL learners took part in the questionnaire survey. The results of the present study reveal the common strategies that foreign language learners use in vocabulary learning. The VLSs from this study will not only benefit students of the English language but can easily to be used by learners of other second languages globally. Finally, the paper discusses different strategies at length, gives valuable recommendations in the discussion section and concludes with implications for future research.
Language testing is a complex field of study as there are various factors that need to be taken into account when preparing and assessing the students’ language proficiency. However, it plays a pivotal role in society. With the results of language tests used for immigration purposes, university entrance qualifications as well as employment opportunities. Scholars attest that it is obligatory for language teachers to constantly ‘assess their students’ oral and written performances’, and the Common European Framework of Reference for Language (CEFR) offers a variety of oral and writing scales which provide the ‘opportunity for a common standard’. This paper argues the significant gaps that are yet to be address in a language testing research and highlights why a study needs to be conducted in Fiji with the university students. The article discusses applying a quantitative methodology thus, a longitudinal research design to conduct a language testing study on writing proficiency levels of undergraduate students; compare the writing proficiency levels of pre-first year and post-first year university students by using academic essay tests of the same cohort; and finally determine undergraduate students’ progress (or lack of) in written English over the course of their program.
This chapter has been compiled to provide an overview of the language policing and planning (LPP) ield, particularly for new researchers who would like to pursue their MA or PhD. It aims to explore the following: the genesis of LPP from the 1950s to date, type of research questions pertinent to the ield, methodology that can be applied, substantial literature review and case studies that have been carried out in LPP, ethnography of language policy and planning, the historical analysis approach and authorities in the ield of LPP such as Hornberger, Johnson and Ricento.Keywords: language policing and planning (LPP), ethnography, research instruments, historical analysis approach IntroductionLanguage policing and planning (LPP) is one of the fastest growing subdisciplines of applied linguistics [1]. The LPP ield was formed in the early 1960s by language scholars interested in solving the language problems of new, developing and/or post-colonial nations.As claimed by many to be the pioneer in the ield of LPP, it was Haugen who introduced the term language planning in 1959. Haugen deined language planning as "the activity of preparing normative orthography, grammar and dictionary for the guidance of writers and speakers in a non-homogenous speech community" [2]. What Haugen described was later categorized as status planning [3], corpus planning [3] and acquisition planning [4].
The global education system came under scrutiny in 2020 due to the unexpected pandemic. COVID-19 forced higher education institutions everywhere to rethink the way to deliver classes or continue offering their services due to travel restrictions, lockdowns and social distancing policies. This caused major disruptions in carrying out normal teaching and learning. The intervention of university leadership in maintaining decorum during the pandemic entailed making pivotal decisions within a short period of time. The aim of this paper is to highlight various statements made by a group of universities from Fiji and New Zealand to present their position, and policies during the global pandemic. This article discusses how university leaders in the South Pacific with a case study of Fiji and New Zealand have responded to the pandemic. It discusses the statements and media releases of university leaders in Fiji (a developing nation) and New Zealand (a developed nation), particularly their responses and comments on the mode of teaching, international travel, social distancing, financial impact, and research. These focus areas need to be priority for university leaders in making crucial decisions in operating higher education institutions during unexpected events such as the pandemic.
<em>The purpose of the present study was to examine errors of written academic essays of Fijian undergraduate pre-service and in-service students at the Fiji National University Lautoka campus. Previous studies have focused only on pre-service undergraduate students but this paper takes into account in-service students as well which is a new dimension and knowledge to existing literature. The study mainly focused on eighteen errors as classified and adapted from Darus and Ching (2009) with the top six errors discussed in this paper. Twenty writing samples were analysed with the top errors for pre-service students being mechanics, subject verb agreement, redundancy, prepositions, tense and vocabulary choice while in-service students had errors in mechanics, redundancy, tense, articles, incomplete structures, word form and clarity. The authors found that carelessness and failure to recognize important words in the sentences as the main reasons for the errors. The paper recommends that remedial lessons on usage of articles, word formation, and prepositions are required in the course curriculum to improve upon the areas mentioned.</em>
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