We estimated the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection, chronic gastritis, atrophy, and intestinal metaplasia in dyspeptic patients from Maputo Central Hospital, Mozambique and evaluated the relationship between infection and histopathological features of chronic gastritis. Biopsies from 109 consecutive patients observed in 2005-2006 were collected from antrum, incisura angularis, and corpus for histopathological study according to the Modified Sydney system. H. pylori infection was assessed by histology and polymerase chain reaction. H. pylori prevalence was 94.5%. Chronic gastritis was the most frequent diagnosis (90.8%). Degenerative surface epithelial damage was associated with higher H. pylori density. Glandular atrophy (8.3%) and intestinal metaplasia (8.3%) were infrequent. Our results confirm previous observations in African countries with high prevalence of H. pylori infection and low rates of gastric cancer: high frequency of chronic H. pylori-associated gastritis with very low frequency of gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia.

Purpose Eastern Africa was recently described as a high-incidence geographic area for esophageal cancer. Mozambique is included in this region. This study aimed to characterize this malignant disease at Maputo Central Hospital (MCH) to develop a global program for esophageal cancer management in Mozambique. Methods MCH records from between 2012 and 2016 were used to assess the clinical, pathologic, and outcome profiles of esophageal tumors. A descriptive analysis of data collected was performed. Overall survival was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves. Results In the study, 522 consecutive patient cases of esophageal cancer were recorded. The median patient age was 56.1 years (range, 27 to 97 years); 291 (55.7%) patients were women, and 230 (44.1%) were men. Regarding tumor site, 113 patients (21.6%) had a tumor in the lower third, 154 (29.5%) in the middle, and 50 (9.6%) in the upper third of the esophagus; in the remaining 196 (37.5%), tumor site was unknown. Squamous cell carcinoma comprised 94.4% of cases with documented histopathology (74.9% of the sample). Surgical treatment was possible in 32 patients (6.1%). Disease stage was documented only in these 32 surgical patients; 28.1%, 53.1%, and 18.8% had stage I, II, and III disease, respectively. The remaining patient cases seemed to involve clinically advanced tumors. The median follow-up time was of 1.6 months. The median survival time was of 3.5 months for all patients; for patients treated with curative intent, it was of 8.7 months. Conclusion Esophageal carcinoma is a common malignant tumor at MCH and is diagnosed in the advanced stages resulting in poor prognosis. Therefore, implementation of an Esophageal Cancer Program in Mozambique is essential.

As CDX2 expression precedes the occurrence of gastric preneoplastic lesions in the intestinal differentiation pathway, study of these steps of gastric carcinogenesis may contribute toward understanding the early effects of gastric cancer determinants. Our aim was to quantify the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and other environmental factors and the gastric expression of CDX2. Dyspeptic patients undergoing an upper digestive endoscopy (Gastroenterology Department, Maputo Central Hospital) were consecutively invited to participate in this study and classified as having normal stomach/chronic nonatrophic gastritis (NS/CNAG), chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), or intestinal metaplasia (IM). For all patients with CAG or IM and a subsample of NS/CNAG patients (sex-matched and age-matched, 1 : 2), H. pylori infection and CDX2 gene expression were assessed by histology and PCR and by immunohistochemistry, respectively. Age-adjusted, sex-adjusted, education-adjusted, and H. pylori infection-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were computed. CDX2 expression was observed in 56 NS/CNAG (49.1%), 39 CAG (86.7%), and all IM patients (n=12). It was more frequent among the H. pylori-infected patients (OR=2.26, 95% CI: 1.00-5.15). Infection with high-virulence strains was associated with CDX2 expression in patients with CAG (cagA, OR=3.20, 95% CI: 1.35-7.52) and IM (vacA m1, OR=5.86, 95% CI: 1.08-31.62). Patients with a lower frequency of vegetable consumption had a higher risk of marked CDX2 expression (OR=3.64, 95% CI: 1.02-12.95). The virulence of the infecting strains and vegetable consumption were associated with CDX2 expression and may play a role in the progression to more advanced lesions.

The aim of this study was to investigate colorectal cancer (CRC) data and anal cancer data from Maputo Central Hospital (MCH), the largest hospital and a reference for oncological diseases in Mozambique, with the aim of characterising the disease profile in view to define an appropriate control programme. Methods: MCH records from the Pathology and Surgery Services and MCH CancerRegistry database were assessed to obtain retrospective clinical and pathologic data of patients with CRC or anal cancer admitted to and treated between

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