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The use of Electronic Stability Control (ESC) in automobiles has become quite popular in the last decade and a number of research activities have been conducted for its further improvement. The use of these complex systems has reduced the number of accidents reported on highways and expressways around the world. The adaptive front lighting system has also undergone extensive research in the past decade and has proved very effective in increasing the stability of the vehicle while driving. A large part of literature available in this area enlightens about the effectiveness of ESC in situations where there is a risk of crash. In this paper, ESC and adaptive front lighting system have been implemented on a microcontroller to bring out the working of these complex systems. The model presented in this paper may be fabricated at a very low cost. It may also be incorporated in vehicles lacking this beneficial technology with minor modification.

Objective: Verrucae plantaris (VP) results from environmental exposure to human papillomavirus causing plantar warts of the foot, resistantto treatment, and high recurrence rates. Current treatment paradigms focus on the treatment of lesions as opposed to primary prophylaxis. Wehypothesize that a topical combination of herbal supplement with anti-viral properties and a vitamin derivative* can be used prophylactically todecrease the primary incidence.Methods: We initiated a double-blinded clinical study with participants (n=282) randomization into control (lotion emollient only) (n=120),treatment (herbal and vitamin derivative) (n=110) and no treatment (NT) (n=52). Participants underwent examination of the feet at baseline (0months) to exclude VP lesions and were randomized to receive a bottle containing topical lotion with emollient only, control (C), lotion with an herbaland vitamin derivative, treatment (T), or NT, where participants did not apply anything to their feet. C and T participants applied lotion topically to thefeet once daily and were examined at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months to document the incidence of VP.Results: No incidence of VP occurred in the T group (0/110=0% incidence), two lesions in the C group (2/120=1.7% incidence), and five lesions inthe NT group (5/52=9.6% incidence).Conclusion: Treatments for VP rely on treating lesions after they occur, have high degrees of variability in success, risk of continued transmissionduring treatment, and have high rates of recurrence. Although the study number is relatively low, early indications show decreasing incidence ofVP from 9.6% in participants with NT to 1.7% in participants who used lotion only, suggesting increased health of the plantar epidermis, and 0%incidence in those participants applying topical herbal and vitamin derivative*. Additional study with increased numbers of participants is warranted.

Subthreshold source coupled logic circuits (STSCL) are normally used for designing ultra-low power components and systems operating in the weak inversion (subthreshold) regime. This paper presents an implementation of a robust source coupled technique i.e. Dynamic threshold source coupled logic (DTSCL) with push pull amplifier at the output stage. The proposed circuit was analyzed to obtain minimum delay and power dissipation by varying the tail bias current. This circuit offered a very low power delay product (PDP) and was less sensitive to temperature and power supply variations. A tail bias current of the order of Pico amperes was capable of driving the circuit when implemented on 180nm CMOS technology. Measured results indicate that the simulated circuit offers a better performance for ultra-low power SCL circuits. Cadence virtuoso and Spectre simulation tools were used for simulating the circuit.