No abstract

Split-hand/split-foot malformation (SHFM) is mainly inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with incomplete penetrance and characterized by malformation of the limb involving the central rays of the autopod. It presents with a deep median cleft of the hand and/or foot, aplasia/hypoplasia of the phalanges, metacarpals, and metatarsals. Pathogenic mechanism is a failure to maintain signaling from the median apical ectodermal ridge. Without this signaling, cells of the underlying progress zone stop proliferation and differentiation which in turn results in defects of the central rays. We describe a case of SHFM in 10-year-old boy.

Background: The purpose of this study is to assess the awareness levels about plastic surgery among medical students and to formulate appropriate teaching modules for undergraduate students to introduce and educate them about various plastic surgical procedures.Methods: A questionnaire-based study was done to assess awareness about procedures done under plastic surgery among medical students from second through final year. Collected data were statistically analyzed. The results were used to propose changes in teaching modules to medical students.Results: There is not much awareness about plastic surgery as a specialty amongst medical students. Plastic surgery is mostly perceived as cosmetic surgery, and the other procedures done under plastic surgery is not associated with the speciality by the medical students. Of all the clinical conditions given to the participants, there was not a single clinical condition where the respondents favoured undisputedly for plastic surgeons.Conclusions: Plastic surgery as a specialty is poorly understood by our undergraduate medical students so authors conclude there is lack of awareness, knowledge and disposition about plastic surgical procedures among them. Based on the report’s authors have formulated teaching and practical modules like enrichment courses, value added education, co-curricular activities and introduction to social media platforms related to plastic surgery for creating better awareness and knowledge among undergraduate medical students about plastic surgery.

The number of workloads borne by the teacher will result a negative impact. An organizational climate is crucial because it can generate a comfortable working condition for teachers. Otherwise, an unfavorable organizational climate can impact poor working conditions that affect teachers to experience job Anxiety. This study aimed to determine the effect of workload and organizational climate on the work Anxiety of primary school teachers in Coimbatore. In this study an attempts has been made to find out the relationship between organizational climate and job anxiety of primary school teachers. The sample consisted of 60 teachers selected randomly from various public and private primary schools. A set of tools containing organizational climate and job anxiety was used to gather information. The data were analyzed by t-test and person’s coefficient correlation. The results revealed that (43.3%) of the respondents are moderate level of organizational climate, (40%) of the respondents are good level of organizational climate and (16.7%) of the respondents are poor level of organizational climate and (43.3%) of the respondents are low level of job anxiety, (40%) of the respondents are moderate level of job anxiety and (17%) of the respondents are high level of job anxiety.

The paramedian forehead flap is a good option for reconstruction of large and complex nasal defects. For full-thickness defects, it may be used alone or in combination with other methods. It can be easily performed under local or general anesthesia, providing a very good color and texture matching to the nasal skin. The only disadvantage is that it is a two-stage procedure that requires flap division and inset after 3 weeks. Here, we present a case of post-traumatic loss of the nasal tip reconstructed with a paramedian forehead flap.